Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one reason groups of people may form identities favoring themselves during socio-economic stress?
What is one reason groups of people may form identities favoring themselves during socio-economic stress?
- To enhance educational opportunities
- To improve global relations
- To gain access to state resources (correct)
- To strengthen international economies
Zuma and Gupta represent figures who have had equal opportunities in terms of racial privilege.
Zuma and Gupta represent figures who have had equal opportunities in terms of racial privilege.
False (B)
What term is used to describe individuals who live within closely knit, racially diverse communities at the economic edges?
What term is used to describe individuals who live within closely knit, racially diverse communities at the economic edges?
edge subjects
The ongoing process of racial capitalism is described as a process of _____, rather than a single moment.
The ongoing process of racial capitalism is described as a process of _____, rather than a single moment.
Match the following individuals with their associated perceptions of racial capitalism:
Match the following individuals with their associated perceptions of racial capitalism:
What key principle from the anti-apartheid struggle is mentioned as being raised amidst the ruins of racial capitalism?
What key principle from the anti-apartheid struggle is mentioned as being raised amidst the ruins of racial capitalism?
What was primarily used by civilians during the riots for causing damage?
What was primarily used by civilians during the riots for causing damage?
The riots led to significant economic improvement for local communities.
The riots led to significant economic improvement for local communities.
How many people died as a result of the riots?
How many people died as a result of the riots?
The riots were associated with a negative and derogatory ____ loop.
The riots were associated with a negative and derogatory ____ loop.
Match the following events with their descriptions:
Match the following events with their descriptions:
What was one of the purposes of the instigators during the riots?
What was one of the purposes of the instigators during the riots?
The rioters were exclusively local to the area they caused damage in.
The rioters were exclusively local to the area they caused damage in.
What prompted some of the violence in the riots, according to social media observations?
What prompted some of the violence in the riots, according to social media observations?
Billions of ____ worth of damage was done to infrastructure.
Billions of ____ worth of damage was done to infrastructure.
What was Phoenix designated as during apartheid?
What was Phoenix designated as during apartheid?
The massacre in Phoenix involved Indian South Africans attacking African compatriots.
The massacre in Phoenix involved Indian South Africans attacking African compatriots.
What led to the displacement of thousands of Indians to Phoenix in the 1960s?
What led to the displacement of thousands of Indians to Phoenix in the 1960s?
The violent acts against Africans in Phoenix were committed by _______.
The violent acts against Africans in Phoenix were committed by _______.
Match the following groups with their actions during the events in Phoenix:
Match the following groups with their actions during the events in Phoenix:
Which of the following professions did many Indian breadwinners adopt in response to economic prospects?
Which of the following professions did many Indian breadwinners adopt in response to economic prospects?
After the fall of apartheid, a large proportion of Indian residents moved to white suburbs.
After the fall of apartheid, a large proportion of Indian residents moved to white suburbs.
What was one of the consequences of the collapse of industries that employed Indian workers?
What was one of the consequences of the collapse of industries that employed Indian workers?
The percentage of reserved jobs for Indians under affirmative action is approximately _______.
The percentage of reserved jobs for Indians under affirmative action is approximately _______.
Match the following historical events with their impact on the Indian community in South Africa:
Match the following historical events with their impact on the Indian community in South Africa:
How many people were estimated to be killed in Phoenix?
How many people were estimated to be killed in Phoenix?
All the individuals killed in Phoenix were of Indian descent.
All the individuals killed in Phoenix were of Indian descent.
What were the names of the African settlements adjoining Phoenix mentioned in the content?
What were the names of the African settlements adjoining Phoenix mentioned in the content?
The violence in 1985 involved clashes between the ______ and the Inkatha Freedom Party.
The violence in 1985 involved clashes between the ______ and the Inkatha Freedom Party.
Match the events with their years:
Match the events with their years:
What sparked the siege mentality in Phoenix?
What sparked the siege mentality in Phoenix?
Police were present during the initial 20-30 hours of violence in Phoenix.
Police were present during the initial 20-30 hours of violence in Phoenix.
What was the predominant sentiment among white businesspeople towards the Indian community under minority rule?
What was the predominant sentiment among white businesspeople towards the Indian community under minority rule?
A viral WhatsApp message threatened to attack the ______ people town in Phoenix.
A viral WhatsApp message threatened to attack the ______ people town in Phoenix.
Who were the two factions involved in the conflict surrounding Inanda?
Who were the two factions involved in the conflict surrounding Inanda?
What year did Mbongeni Ngema release the song 'AmaNdiya'?
What year did Mbongeni Ngema release the song 'AmaNdiya'?
The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) promotes positive sentiments towards Indians.
The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) promotes positive sentiments towards Indians.
What grassroots movement arose in Kwa-Zulu-Natal opposing perceived Indian racism?
What grassroots movement arose in Kwa-Zulu-Natal opposing perceived Indian racism?
A siege mentality was created in Phoenix due to the near total absence of _____ responses.
A siege mentality was created in Phoenix due to the near total absence of _____ responses.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
What was a significant factor that contributed to the anxiety among Phoenix residents?
What was a significant factor that contributed to the anxiety among Phoenix residents?
Residents of Phoenix felt completely safe during the height of the violence.
Residents of Phoenix felt completely safe during the height of the violence.
What kind of traditional medicine was reportedly discussed to be used against Phoenix residents?
What kind of traditional medicine was reportedly discussed to be used against Phoenix residents?
The near total absence of police contributed to a sense of _____ among Indians.
The near total absence of police contributed to a sense of _____ among Indians.
Who recorded a voice note about the incoming Zulus?
Who recorded a voice note about the incoming Zulus?
Study Notes
The July 2021 Riots in South Africa
- The riots were destructive, both human and financially. Over 500 people died. Billions of rands worth of damage to infrastructure.
- The riots were not a foreign attack but were spurred by civilians looting and damaging businesses.
- The riots had little to no impact in improving conditions for the people that participated.
- Shops did not reopen, thousands lost jobs, and the local state had little patronage to compensate for the losses.
- There were a few organized instigators, who directed violence through social media, and aimed to make South Africa ungovernable.
- The primary aim for these instigators was to get the government to release former president Jacob Zuma from jail.
The Impact of the Riots in Phoenix
- During the riots, there was a massacre by Indian South Africans against African compatriots in Phoenix.
- Phoenix, a township primarily made up of Indian South Africans, was a target of violence during the riots.
- Many people died from the attacks.
- The historical context of apartheid is important in understanding the events: There is tension between the two groups.
- During apartheid, Indians were forced out of their homes and into Phoenix, a specially designated township.
- After the fall of apartheid, many industries collapsed, and Indians were less able to access jobs due to Affirmative Action policies prioritizing the African population.
- This resulted in Indians in Phoenix becoming edge-subjects of capitalism, causing tension between the two groups.
- Many Indian people worked as tradespeople, shopkeepers, or held existing jobs in Phoenix, which was their community.
- There was little police presence during the riots.
- WhatsApp messages and voice notes were used to spread fear and rumors about attacks on Indians.
- The historical backdrop of violence between the two groups in 1949 and 1985 also fueled these fears and anxieties.
- These historical conflicts, the lack of police presence, and the spread of misinformation contributed to a siege mentality, and fueled violence against Africans.
Racial Capitalism and Social Tension
- There is tension between African and Indian communities due to the historical context of the area and the current socio-economic conditions.
- The lack of resources and the historical context of racism in South Africa contribute to this tension.
- These tensions have been exploited to create social divisions and fuel violence.
- The events in Phoenix highlight the continuing issue of racial capitalism in South Africa.
- There continues to be hope for a non-racial future in South Africa.
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