Brucellosis Overview and Transmission

Mucous membrane skin intact is rarely needed for person-to-person transmission.

The incubation period for brucellosis varies from 5 days to three months.

Fever and fatigue are two constitutional symptoms of brucellosis.

<p>Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting are gastrointestinal symptoms of brucellosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meningitis is a common neurological complication of brucellosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The serum agglutination test, also known as the Brucella agglutination test, is used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brucellosis is rarely fatal if appropriately treated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congenital brucellosis can lead to premature delivery and low birth weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cough is a respiratory symptom associated with brucellosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joint pain and muscle pain are common musculoskeletal symptoms of brucellosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Undulant Fever, Malta Fever, Mediterranean Fever, Enzootic Abortion, Epizootic Abortion, Contagious Abortion, and Bang’s Disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brucella melitensis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ingestion of infected meat or unpasteurized dairy products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brucella spp. are gram-negative coccobacilli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cattle ranchers and veterinarians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brucella spp. can withstand drying and tolerate various temperature, pH, and humidity levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucous membranes can facilitate the entry of Brucella through contact with infected tissues or fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brucella suis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avoid consuming unpasteurized milk products and undercooked meat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through contact with animals or animal products that are infected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bacterium Brucella can enter the body through mucous membranes, infected animal products, or by inhalation of aerosols in labs or abattoirs.

The incubation period for Brucellosis can be variable, ranging from 5 days to 3 months.

Brucellosis can affect multiple organ systems and even cause cyclical fever.

The most common complications of Brucellosis include arthritis, spondylitis, epididymo-orchitis, chronic fatigue, and neurological complications such as meningitis.

Brucellosis can be diagnosed through blood cultures, bone marrow cultures, and serum agglutination tests (Brucella agglutination test) that exhibit a four-fold or greater rise in titer when samples are taken two weeks apart.

Brucellosis is rarely fatal if treated, with a low case-fatality rate. However, it can be a chronic illness.

Symptoms of Brucellosis include: fever, fatigue, headache, night sweats, tiredness, weight loss, failure to thrive, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, dysphagia, joint pain, muscle pain, limb weakness, slurred speech, visual disturbances, cough, nasal congestion, throat congestion, sore throat, and generalized rash.

The bone marrow, liver, and spleen can all be affected by Brucellosis.

Congenital Brucellosis can be transmitted to the fetus and can lead to complications such as premature delivery, low birth weight, fever, failure to thrive, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly.

Treatment for Brucellosis typically involves antibiotics, which can help to clear the infection. The duration of treatment may vary depending on the severity of the disease and the individual's response to therapy.

A type of bacteria that causes brucellosis. It's a small, rod-shaped bacterium that can survive outside of a host for a long time.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can spread from animals to humans. It is caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, primarily affecting animals like cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and dogs.

Brucella species are gram-negative bacteria, small, rod-shaped microorganisms that can survive outside the host. They can withstand drying conditions, and some can even survive for extended periods in contaminated soil or water.

Brucella melitensis is a species of the Brucella bacteria that primarily infects sheep and goats. It is considered the most virulent species, meaning it causes the most severe infections. The bacterium is commonly found in countries where sheep and goat farming are prominent.

Brucella abortus is a species of the Brucella bacteria that primarily infects cattle. It is the most common cause of brucellosis in cattle and can be found in dairy products.

The most common way humans get brucellosis is by consuming unpasteurized dairy products. This includes milk, cheese, and other products made from infected animal milk. Raw meat from infected animals can also be a source of infection.

People who work with livestock, such as veterinarians, farmers, and abattoir workers, are at a higher risk of getting brucellosis. Hunters, travelers, and consumers of unpasteurized milk are also considered at risk.

Brucellosis is often called 'undulant fever' because it causes fluctuating fevers. Other symptoms can include weakness, chills, sweating, fatigue, headaches, muscle aches, and joint pain. The symptoms can be mild or severe and can last for several weeks or months.

Preventing brucellosis involves controlling the disease in animals and practicing good hygiene. This includes vaccinating livestock, pasteurizing milk, and wearing protective gear when working with animals. Avoid consuming raw or unpasteurized dairy products.

If you have any symptoms consistent with brucellosis, immediately seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for preventing complications.