Brucellosis Infection and Symptoms

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the most common way that people are infected with brucellosis?

Direct contact with infected animals

Drinking contaminated water

Breathing in contaminated air

Eating raw or unpasteurized dairy products (correct)

What is a common symptom of brucellosis?

Painful urination

Sweating with a moldy smell (correct)

Vomiting

Rash on the skin

How can you reduce your risk of getting brucellosis?

By wearing protective clothing when working with animals (correct)

By not washing your hands regularly

By drinking unpasteurized milk regularly

By eating undercooked meat

What is usually the outcome for people with brucellosis who receive prompt treatment?

Most people will make a full recovery Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of cholera?

Severe dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way that cholera is spread?

Through contaminated food and water Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of cholera?

Diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is a way to prevent the spread of brucellosis?

Cooking meat to safe temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of analyzing stool samples for ascariasis?

Microscopy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way to lower the risk of becoming infected with ascariasis?

Good hygiene Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of ascariasis?

Blood in mucus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Bite from an infected tick Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of transmission of Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Bite from an infected tick Signup and view all the answers

What is a common way to prevent Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Cutting your grass regularly Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of diagnosing ascariasis?

To determine the severity of the infection Signup and view all the answers

What is a common diagnostic test used for ascariasis?

Stool test Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mode of transmission of the virus?

Unsterilized needles Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of the virus in the late stage?

Severe vomiting blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a diagnostic test used to detect the virus?

Antibody-capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay Signup and view all the answers

What is the current treatment for the virus?

Rehydration with solution containing electrolyte Signup and view all the answers

How can you lower your risk of becoming infected with hookworms?

Wearing shoes when walking outdoors Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of hookworm disease?

Skin rash on the feet Signup and view all the answers

What is a way to prevent the spread of hookworms?

Practicing proper handwashing Signup and view all the answers

What is a diagnostic test used to detect hookworm disease?

Stool test Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Brucellosis

A bacterial infection caused by "brucella" that spreads from animals to people
Most commonly infected by eating raw or unpasteurized dairy products
Can also spread through the air or direct contact with infected animals
Symptoms: fever, sweating, joint pain, unexplained weight loss, headache, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, depression, painful lymph nodes, and feeling unwell
Prevention: practice safe food handling, wear protective clothing when working with animals, and cook meat to safe temperatures
Prognosis: most people make a full recovery with antibiotic treatment, but it can take a long time

Cholera

A sudden illness caused by swallowing food or water containing Vibrio cholerae bacteria
Can cause severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even death
Symptoms: diarrhea, intense thirst, and watery stool
Analysis of stool sample under a microscope to diagnose

Ascariasis

An infection of the small intestine caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, a species of roundworm
Parasites that use the body as a host to mature from larvae or eggs to adult worms
Symptoms: coughing, blood in mucus, chest discomfort, fever, nausea, vomiting, irregular stools, loss of appetite, weight loss, visible worms in the stool, and abdominal discomfort
Prevention: good hygiene, don't touch contaminated soil, wash hands before preparing food, and wash, peel, and cook raw vegetables and fruits
Prognosis: stool test, X-ray, CT scan, ultrasound, endoscopy, and MRI can be used to diagnose

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

An acute febrile tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii
The most severe and common of the rickettsial infections in North America
Symptoms: high fever, headache, muscle pain, and rash
Transmission: through the bite of an infected tick
Prevention: cutting grass regularly to reduce tick habitats

Mechanism of Action

Every tissue is affected, except bones and muscle
Creates blood clots
Destroys connective tissues

Signs and Symptoms

Initial: high temperature, muscle pain, abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite, and rashes
Late: vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, vomiting blood, and low white blood cell count

Diagnostic Tests

Antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Antigen-capture detection
Serum Neutralization Test
Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay
Electron microscopy
Virus isolation by cell culture

Treatment

No licensed specific treatment
Rehydration with solution containing electrolyte
New drug therapies are being evaluated
Preventative medication has been recently developed

Hookworm

Parasites that live in the intestines of infected people
Hookworm eggs (larvae) spread in feces of people with hookworm disease
Symptoms: fever, skin rash, coughing, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, diarrhea, weight loss, and anemia
Prevention: wearing shoes, drinking safe water, properly cleaning and cooking food, and practicing proper handwashing
Prognosis: testing a sample of poop to diagnose

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Learn about Brucellosis, a bacterial infection spread from animals to people through contaminated dairy products or direct contact. Discover its signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.