Bronchiectasis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of bronchiectasis?

  • Temporary abnormal dilation of bronchioles
  • Temporary abnormal dilation of bronchi
  • Permanent abnormal dilation of bronchi (correct)
  • Permanent abnormal dilation of bronchioles

    • What is the main cause of bronchiectasis?

  • Cystic fibrosis (correct)
  • Allergies
  • Asthma
  • Infections

    • Which of the following is a common symptom of bronchiectasis?

  • Shortness of breath
  • Cough with clear sputum
  • Fever
  • Cough with copious purulent sputum (correct)

    • What is the relationship between bronchiectasis and pulmonary infections?

    <p>Frequent association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of bronchiectasis on the elastic and muscular components of bronchial walls?

    <p>Destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do pulmonary function tests (PFTs) vary in bronchiectasis?

    <p>They worsen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of GOLD System Grades for COPD?

    <p>FEV1/FVC ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign/symptom of bronchiectasis?

    <p>Chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the abnormal dilation of bronchioles in bronchiectasis?

    <p>Bronchiolitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is strongly associated with bronchiectasis?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores?

    <p>Higher scores indicate more severe impact of COPD on the individual's life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the BODE Index predict in COPD?

    <p>Mortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of cystic fibrosis (CF)?

    <p>It leads to decreased exercise tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis?

    <p>Digital clubbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible intervention for children with cystic fibrosis?

    <p>Bronchial hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Mrs. D's primary diagnosis based on the given information?

    <p>Emphysema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a particular concern regarding Mrs. D's condition?

    <p>CO2 retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene?

    <p>Regulating chloride ion levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the BODE Index score range from?

    <p>0 to 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of COPD Groups based on risk and symptom presence?

    <p>They consider both risk and symptom presence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of pleural effusion?

    <p>Chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of thoracentesis in the treatment of pleural effusion?

    <p>To biopsy the pleura or lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is commonly used to diagnose pleural effusion?

    <p>X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pleural effusion on breath sounds?

    <p>Decreased breath sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for pleural effusion?

    <p>Treat underlying cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic sign of pleural effusion on a chest radiograph?

    <p>Blunting of the costophrenic angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung function parameter is typically normal in pleural effusion?

    <p>Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pleurodesis in the treatment of pleural effusion?

    <p>To make the visceral and parietal pleura adhere to the chest wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pleural effusion on percussion of the chest?

    <p>Dullness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pleural effusion on arterial blood gases?

    <p>Normal PaO2 and PaCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common sign of restrictive lung dysfunction?

    <p>Increased respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic sign of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

    <p>End-inspiratory crackles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pneumonia is localized in a lobe?

    <p>Lobar pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of bacterial pneumonia?

    <p>Productive cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for pneumonia?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of pleural effusions?

    <p>Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of transudate pleural effusions?

    <p>CHF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of exudate pleural effusions?

    <p>Infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathophysiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

    <p>Inflammatory process in the alveolar wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal in the treatment of restrictive lung disorders?

    <p>Maximize O2 delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pleural effusions can cause decreased volumes, DLCO, and flow rates on PFTs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The costophrenic angle appears blurred on a chest radiograph in pleural effusion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arterial blood gases in pleural effusion typically show abnormal PaO2 and PaCO2 levels.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bronchial sounds and egophony are typically heard just above the pleural effusion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pleural effusion causes increased fremitus and resonant percussion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pleural effusion can lead to cardiovascular abnormalities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shortness of breath is a common symptom of pleural effusion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thoracentesis is a treatment option for pleural effusion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pleurodesis involves the use of drugs or chemicals to prevent fluid buildup in pleural effusion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parietal pleura can be irritated during thoracotomy in pleural effusion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Restrictive lung dysfunction is caused by pulmonary, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, connective tissue, immunologic, pregnancy, metabolic, and traumatic factors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pectus Carinatum is a condition characterized by a prominent carina in the middle of the chest.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is caused by an unknown etiology.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pneumonia is the 5th most common cause of death.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pneumonia can be categorized as community acquired or nosocomial.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bronchopneumonia is a type of pneumonia that is diffuse in location.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Left lung pneumonia appears as solid black in the entire left lung on X-ray.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pleural effusions are defined as the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transudate pleural effusions have a high-protein count and are caused by infections, carcinoma, and lupus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bronchiectasis is strongly associated with cystic fibrosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respiratory System Disorders

    • Bronchiectasis is characterized by abnormal dilation of bronchioles.
    • The main cause of bronchiectasis is pulmonary infections.
    • A common symptom of bronchiectasis is chronic coughing with pus-filled mucus.
    • Bronchiectasis can lead to the destruction of elastic and muscular components of bronchial walls.
    • Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in bronchiectasis may show airflow obstruction.
    • GOLD System Grades for COPD are based on FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second).
    • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is strongly associated with bronchiectasis.

    Cystic Fibrosis

    • Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene.
    • A common clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis is recurrent respiratory infections.
    • A possible intervention for children with cystic fibrosis is genetic testing.

    Pleural Effusion

    • Pleural effusion is defined as the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space.
    • A common symptom of pleural effusion is shortness of breath.
    • Thoracentesis is a treatment option for pleural effusion.
    • Pleural effusion can cause decreased volumes, DLCO, and flow rates on PFTs.
    • The costophrenic angle appears blurred on a chest radiograph in pleural effusion.
    • Arterial blood gases in pleural effusion typically show abnormal PaO2 and PaCO2 levels.

    Other Respiratory Disorders

    • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by an unknown etiology.
    • The primary goal in the treatment of restrictive lung disorders is to improve oxygenation.
    • Lobar pneumonia is localized in a lobe.
    • The main treatment for pneumonia is antibiotics.
    • Restrictive lung dysfunction can be caused by various factors, including pulmonary, cardiovascular, and neuromuscular diseases.
    • Pectus Carinatum is a condition characterized by a prominent carina in the middle of the chest.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of bronchiectasis, a condition characterized by permanent abnormal dilation and distortion of medium-sized bronchi and bronchioles. This quiz will cover its association with infections, its strong link to cystic fibrosis, and the signs and symptoms associated with the disease.

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