Bone Disorders and Perioperative Care Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the most likely clinical manifestation of hyperkalemia?

  • Dehydration
  • Muscle weakness (correct)
  • Excessive urination
  • Rapid weight loss

Which of the following is a common cause of fluid excess?

  • Diarrhea
  • Increased sweating
  • Vomiting
  • Congestive heart failure (correct)

Which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a GFR of 15-29 mL/min?

  • Stage 3
  • Stage 1
  • Stage 4 (correct)
  • Stage 2

Which medication is contraindicated in patients with chronic kidney disease due to the risk of further renal impairment?

<p>NSAIDs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary nursing intervention for patients experiencing an upper gastrointestinal bleed?

<p>Monitoring vital signs frequently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are potential complications associated with osteomyelitis?

<p>Chronic pain (B), Bone necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common signs or symptoms of sleep deprivation?

<p>Mood swings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interventions should a nurse prioritize for a post-op patient exhibiting signs of DVT?

<p>Administering anticoagulants (B), Encouraging ambulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factors should be included in patient education about smoking cessation prior to surgery?

<p>Effective smoking cessation methods (A), Risk of respiratory complications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of fluid and electrolytes, what does metabolic syndrome typically include?

<p>High fasting glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when providing enteral feedings to a patient?

<p>Preventing aspiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication-related knowledge is critical for managing pain in post-operative patients?

<p>Opioids can be used alongside non-opioid analgesics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes atopic dermatitis?

<p>It is characterized by chronic inflammation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Types of fractures

Different ways a bone can break, including transverse, oblique, spiral, comminuted, and impacted.

Osteoporosis

A disease where bones become weak and brittle, increasing the risk of fractures.

Osteomyelitis

Infection of the bone.

Compartment Syndrome

Increased pressure within a confined muscle compartment, leading to nerve and muscle damage.

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DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)

Blood clot in a deep vein, often in the leg, that can be dangerous.

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Refeeding Syndrome

Potential electrolyte and fluid imbalances that can occur during rapid refeeding after nutritional deprivation.

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Parenteral Feeding

Nutrients delivered intravenously.

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Sleep Apnea

A sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep.

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Fluid Imbalances

Disruptions in the balance of fluids in the body, leading to either a fluid deficit (loss) or excess (extra).

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Hypo/Hyper/Isotonic IV Fluids

Different types of intravenous fluids with varying salt concentrations used to treat fluid imbalances.

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Stages

Progressive loss of kidney function, with stages reflecting the severity of the disease.

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Causes

Sudden loss of kidney function with distinct causes like dehydration, sepsis, or nephrotoxic drugs.

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GI Bleed Assessment

Identifying upper vs. lower GI bleeds involves evaluating assessment findings related to each blood source with a focus on fluid volume deficit.

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Study Notes

Bone Disorders (14 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Types of fractures (matching), Osteoporosis, Osteomyelitis, Gout
  • Application Level: Compartment Syndrome, Osteomyelitis, DVT, Rhabdomyolysis, Case study on Post-op ORIF patient with lower extremity pain and redness (10 points)
    • Complication occurring in patient (1 point)
    • 3 Nursing interventions required prior to provider notification (3 points)
    • SBAR report to provider (6 points)

Perioperative Care (5 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Patient education (pre-op, post-op, discharge), Smoking cessation, concerning pre-op symptoms, when to start discharge teaching, post-op complications (pneumonia, DVTs), IV and oral pain medications, informed consent regarding surgery vs. surgeon visit.

Sleep (6 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Sleep apnea (signs, symptoms, treatments-CPAP and non-CPAP), sleep deprivation (signs, symptoms), sleep hygiene (best practices), bonus question: HR changes in age/fitness levels.

Nutrition (4 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Nursing considerations for parenteral and enteral feedings, patient safety concerns, PPN vs. TPN vs. tube feeds, metabolic syndrome.
  • Application Level: Lab values linking to nutritional status; signs and symptoms of low albumin levels, refeeding syndrome.

Skin (4 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Sunscreen guidance and recommendations, wound healing (smoking impact), general skin considerations, signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

Fluid and Electrolytes (6 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Differences between hypo, hyper, and isotonic fluids, types of IV fluids (reference electrolyte quick reference guide in D2L), clinical manifestations and causes of hypo/hyper, treatment for hyperkalemia.
  • Application Level: Causes of fluid deficit and excess (reference fluid imbalance study guide in D2L), deficit/loss of fluid

Renal (5 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Labs linking to kidney function and expected lab findings in CKD, causes of types of AKI, clinical manifestations of each phase of AKI, stages of CKD, causes of uric acid kidney stones.
  • Application Level: Medications for chronic kidney disease, contraindications for medications, assessment prior to medication administration (lab results, physical assessment).

GU (2 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Incontinence (differences between types, treatment options, nursing considerations, nursing interventions)

GI (10 Questions)

  • Content/Knowledge Level: Lower vs. upper GI bleeds (assessment findings with fluid volume deficit, priority intervention in a patient with a new GI bleed), Crohn's, Ulcerative Colitis, fistulas, GI bleed, GERD (medications/treatments: H2 blockers and PPIs)
  • Application Level: Peritonitis treatments (priority), peptic ulcer disease (meds to avoid, risk factors, causes), case study applying ADPIE (abdominal pain).
    • Diagnostic studies to determine pain cause (1 point)
    • Interventions/treatments predicted for the patient (6 points)
    • Anticipated occurrences (untreated) (1 point)

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Description

Test your knowledge on bone disorders, including types of fractures, osteoporosis, and osteomyelitis. Additionally, assess your understanding of perioperative care, patient education, and complications post-surgery. Enhance your nursing skills with case studies and interventions.

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