Podcast
Questions and Answers
The fluid inside the ~75 trillion cells of the body is called ______ fluid.
The fluid inside the ~75 trillion cells of the body is called ______ fluid.
intracellular
The fluid that directly bathes the cells and is separated from the blood by the capillary membranes is called ______ fluid.
The fluid that directly bathes the cells and is separated from the blood by the capillary membranes is called ______ fluid.
interstitial
The non-cellular part of the blood that comprises 1/4 of the total extracellular fluid is called ______.
The non-cellular part of the blood that comprises 1/4 of the total extracellular fluid is called ______.
plasma
The fraction of the blood composed of red blood cells is called ______.
The fraction of the blood composed of red blood cells is called ______.
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The fluid that includes synovial, peritoneal, pericardial, intraocular, sweat, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid is called ______ fluid.
The fluid that includes synovial, peritoneal, pericardial, intraocular, sweat, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid is called ______ fluid.
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Plasma minus all fibrinogen and most of the other clotting factors is called ______.
Plasma minus all fibrinogen and most of the other clotting factors is called ______.
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When the filtration rate out of the capillaries exceeds both the reabsorption rate AND the rate at which the ______ system can reabsorb interstitial fluid, you see edema.
When the filtration rate out of the capillaries exceeds both the reabsorption rate AND the rate at which the ______ system can reabsorb interstitial fluid, you see edema.
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The total body water (TBW) is approximately ______ times the weight of the body.
The total body water (TBW) is approximately ______ times the weight of the body.
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The intracellular fluid (ICF) makes up ______ times the weight of the body.
The intracellular fluid (ICF) makes up ______ times the weight of the body.
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A common cause of edema is ______ sided heart failure;
A common cause of edema is ______ sided heart failure;
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The interstitial fluid is ______ of the extracellular fluid (ECF).
The interstitial fluid is ______ of the extracellular fluid (ECF).
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The resultant increase in Pc on the venous side of the capillary bed reduces ______ absorption and
The resultant increase in Pc on the venous side of the capillary bed reduces ______ absorption and
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The normal blood volume is around ______ liters.
The normal blood volume is around ______ liters.
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σ is the ______ coefficient;
σ is the ______ coefficient;
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Discussed the major fluid ______ of the body and the 60:40:20 rule as it applies to those compartments;
Discussed the major fluid ______ of the body and the 60:40:20 rule as it applies to those compartments;
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The sodium ion concentration in plasma is around ______ mmol/l.
The sodium ion concentration in plasma is around ______ mmol/l.
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Osmotic pressure is determined by the ______ concentration in a compartment.
Osmotic pressure is determined by the ______ concentration in a compartment.
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Described Starling Forces and explained the difference between ______ and hydrostatic pressure.
Described Starling Forces and explained the difference between ______ and hydrostatic pressure.
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The vascular compartment is particularly important in terms of ______ pressure.
The vascular compartment is particularly important in terms of ______ pressure.
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Capillaries are subject to ______ major pressures.
Capillaries are subject to ______ major pressures.
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The blood pressure is the pressure of the blood pressing against the wall of the ______
The blood pressure is the pressure of the blood pressing against the wall of the ______
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The osmotic pressure exerted by the solutes in the blood contained in the capillaries is also known as the ______ osmotic pressure
The osmotic pressure exerted by the solutes in the blood contained in the capillaries is also known as the ______ osmotic pressure
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The pressure exerted by the interstitium pressing on the capillary from the outside is the ______ hydrostatic pressure
The pressure exerted by the interstitium pressing on the capillary from the outside is the ______ hydrostatic pressure
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The osmotic pressure exerted by the solutes in the interstitium is the ______ oncotic pressure
The osmotic pressure exerted by the solutes in the interstitium is the ______ oncotic pressure
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The balance of hydrostatic and ______ pressures determines whether fluid moves into or out of the vessels
The balance of hydrostatic and ______ pressures determines whether fluid moves into or out of the vessels
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The net fluid movement depends on the balance of ______ and oncotic pressures along the length of the capillary
The net fluid movement depends on the balance of ______ and oncotic pressures along the length of the capillary
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A +ve answer of Net Filtration Pressure (Jv) indicates fluid movement ______ of the capillary
A +ve answer of Net Filtration Pressure (Jv) indicates fluid movement ______ of the capillary
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Study Notes
Body Fluid Compartments
- The body has multiple fluid compartments: intracellular fluid (inside cells), extracellular fluid (outside cells), and transcellular fluid (specialized extracellular fluid)
- The 60:40:20 rule applies to fluid compartments: 60% of body weight is intracellular fluid, 40% is extracellular fluid, and 20% is interstitial fluid
- Extracellular fluid is divided into interstitial fluid (3/4) and plasma (1/4)
- Transcellular fluid includes synovial, peritoneal, pericardial, intraocular, sweat, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid
Starling Forces and Fluid Filtration in the Capillary
- Starling forces are the pressures that govern fluid movement in and out of capillaries
- There are four major pressures: hydrostatic pressure (Pc), oncotic pressure (πc), tissue hydrostatic pressure (Pi), and tissue oncotic pressure (πi)
- The balance of these pressures determines whether fluid moves into or out of the capillary
- The net filtration pressure (Jv) equation is: Jv = Kf (Pc - Pi) - σ(πc - πi)
Capillary Fluid Movement
- At the arterial end of the capillary, Pc > πc, and fluid leaves the capillary (filtration)
- At the venous end of the capillary, Pc < πc, and fluid is reabsorbed
- The reflection coefficient (σ) and filtration coefficient (Kf) affect fluid movement
Edema
- Edema occurs when the filtration rate out of capillaries exceeds reabsorption rate and lymph system reabsorption
- Causes of edema include right-sided heart failure, which leads to increased Pc and reduced capillary absorption
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Description
This quiz covers the major fluid compartments of the body, the 60:40:20 rule, oncotic and hydrostatic pressure, and fluid filtration in the capillary.
