Podcast
Questions and Answers
The word anatomy is derived from a Greek word ______ meaning to cut up.
The word anatomy is derived from a Greek word ______ meaning to cut up.
Anatome
Anatomy is the study of structures that make up the ______ and how those structures relate with each other.
Anatomy is the study of structures that make up the ______ and how those structures relate with each other.
body
Gross anatomy studies body structure with out ______.
Gross anatomy studies body structure with out ______.
microscope
Systemic anatomy studies functional relationships of ______.
Systemic anatomy studies functional relationships of ______.
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Microscopic anatomy / (Histology) requires the use of ______ to examine the smallest structures of the body.
Microscopic anatomy / (Histology) requires the use of ______ to examine the smallest structures of the body.
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Developmental anatomy is the branch of anatomy that studies structural changes of an individual from ______ to maturity.
Developmental anatomy is the branch of anatomy that studies structural changes of an individual from ______ to maturity.
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The stomach secretes strong ______ and powerful enzymes that break the food down into a paste.
The stomach secretes strong ______ and powerful enzymes that break the food down into a paste.
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The ______ is the stage at which nutrients are absorbed from the food.
The ______ is the stage at which nutrients are absorbed from the food.
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The leftover materials (stool) then move on to the ______ where it transforms from liquid to solid, as water is removed.
The leftover materials (stool) then move on to the ______ where it transforms from liquid to solid, as water is removed.
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The process of respiration starts with the cycle of ______ and exhalation.
The process of respiration starts with the cycle of ______ and exhalation.
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By diffusion, molecules of ______ and oxygen are exchanged passively among the blood cells and external environment.
By diffusion, molecules of ______ and oxygen are exchanged passively among the blood cells and external environment.
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Anatomically, the respiratory system comprises the following organs: ______ and lungs.
Anatomically, the respiratory system comprises the following organs: ______ and lungs.
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You can help keep your ______ system healthy by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly.
You can help keep your ______ system healthy by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly.
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Type 1 and ______ 2 diabetes are two types of diabetes.
Type 1 and ______ 2 diabetes are two types of diabetes.
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Reproduction is the biological process of producing a new ______ or offspring.
Reproduction is the biological process of producing a new ______ or offspring.
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Hypercalcemia and ______ are two conditions related to calcium levels in the body.
Hypercalcemia and ______ are two conditions related to calcium levels in the body.
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Offspring are produced by the fusion of ______ (sex cells) from each parent.
Offspring are produced by the fusion of ______ (sex cells) from each parent.
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Osteopenia and ______ are two conditions related to bone health.
Osteopenia and ______ are two conditions related to bone health.
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The swap of oxygen and carbon dioxide is done through the ______ in the lungs.
The swap of oxygen and carbon dioxide is done through the ______ in the lungs.
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The circulatory system is also referred to as the ______ system.
The circulatory system is also referred to as the ______ system.
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The Coronary circulation supplies oxygenated blood to the ______ muscle.
The Coronary circulation supplies oxygenated blood to the ______ muscle.
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The endocrine system uses ______ to control and coordinate your body's metabolism.
The endocrine system uses ______ to control and coordinate your body's metabolism.
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Hormonal imbalances make up a significant number of ______ diseases.
Hormonal imbalances make up a significant number of ______ diseases.
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The human heart is similar to other ______ hearts in the animal kingdom.
The human heart is similar to other ______ hearts in the animal kingdom.
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Sensory systems detect ______ such as light and sound waves and transform them into neural signals.
Sensory systems detect ______ such as light and sound waves and transform them into neural signals.
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Sensory systems include the ______ system that is responsible for detecting taste.
Sensory systems include the ______ system that is responsible for detecting taste.
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Hair cells in the inner ear have ______ that move in the presence of sound waves.
Hair cells in the inner ear have ______ that move in the presence of sound waves.
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The motor system is the part of the nervous system that controls ______ movement.
The motor system is the part of the nervous system that controls ______ movement.
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The human body has about 600 ______ muscles that produce movements at body joints.
The human body has about 600 ______ muscles that produce movements at body joints.
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The cerebellum and basal ganglia are involved in the motor system which facilitates complex movements such as maintaining ______.
The cerebellum and basal ganglia are involved in the motor system which facilitates complex movements such as maintaining ______.
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology of the Human Body
- The study of anatomy involves the examination of structures that make up the body and how those structures relate to each other.
- Branches of anatomy include gross anatomy, microscopic anatomy, developmental anatomy, and embryology.
Gross Anatomy
- Gross anatomy studies body structures without the use of a microscope (macroscopic study).
- Subdivided into systemic anatomy, which studies the functional relationships of organs, and regional anatomy.
Microscopic Anatomy (Histology)
- Microscopic anatomy requires the use of a microscope to examine the smallest structures of the body, including tissues, cells, and molecules.
- Used to determine the diameter of soma, diameter of dendrite, number of dendritic sections, axon diameter, position, and diameter of nodes.
Developmental Anatomy
- Studies structural changes of an individual from fertilization to maturity.
Digestive System
- The digestive process involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body.
- Starts with the mixing of saliva with food to form a bolus, which is then swallowed and enters the stomach, where it is broken down by strong acids and enzymes.
- The partially digested food then enters the small intestine, where it is further broken down by bile from the liver and enzymes from the pancreas, and nutrients are absorbed.
- The remaining waste products then enter the large intestine, where water is absorbed, and the waste is prepared for elimination from the body.
Respiratory System
- Involved in the intake of oxygen and the exhalation of carbon dioxide from the body.
- Comprises the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and diaphragm.
- Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged passively among the blood cells and external environment through diffusion.
Endocrine System
- A complex network of glands and organs that use hormones to control and coordinate the body's metabolism, energy level, reproduction, growth, and development.
- Hormonal imbalances can lead to various endocrine diseases.
Diabetes and Metabolic Conditions
- Types of diabetes include type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
- Other metabolic conditions include metabolic syndrome, obesity, and endocrine cancers and tumors.
Reproductive System
- Definition: the biological process of producing a new individual or offspring.
- In human beings, reproduction involves the fusion of gametes (sex cells) from each parent, resulting in a new individual that is genetically and physically different from the parents.
Circulatory System
- Also referred to as the cardiovascular system (CVS).
- Comprises the heart and all the blood vessels, including arteries, capillaries, and veins.
- There are three components of circulation: systemic circulation, pulmonary circulation, and coronary circulation.
Endocrine System Diseases
- Hundreds of conditions related to issues with the endocrine system, often resulting from hormonal imbalances.
Sensory System
- Detects stimuli, such as light and sound waves, and transforms them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system.
- Includes the visual, auditory, gustatory (taste), olfactory (smell), somatosensory (touch, pain, temperature), and vestibular (balance, spatial orientation) systems.
Motor System
- The part of the nervous system that controls voluntary movement.
- Consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that connect these structures to the effector muscles.
- The brain gives commands to the muscles through nerves, signaling the muscle or muscle group to contract or expand.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the basics of anatomy and physiology, including the branches of anatomy, and understand how the structures of the body relate to each other.
