BMED 342 SPRING 2024 Molecular Genetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

In human pedigrees, which characteristic indicates autosomal dominant inheritance?

  • Males and females are equally likely to be affected (correct)
  • The trait typically appears only within a sibship, not in other generations
  • The recurrence risk for each sib of the proband is 25%
  • New mutations are relatively common

    • What characteristic of recessive traits in pedigrees makes them difficult to recognize?

  • Affected individuals can be the children of two unaffected carriers (correct)
  • Affected children always have at least one affected parent
  • Two affected parents can produce unaffected children
  • Vertical pattern of inheritance

    • Why is Huntington’s disease inherited as a dominant allele?

  • If it appears in more than one family member, typically it is seen only within a sibship, not in other generations
  • Every affected person has at least one affected parent (correct)
  • Each child of an affected parent has a 50% risk of inheriting the trait
  • Parents of affected individuals are unaffected but are heterozygous for the recessive allele

    • What is a key aspect of pedigrees with dominant traits?

    <p>Unaffected family members do not transmit the phenotype to their children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes autosomal dominant inheritance from autosomal recessive inheritance?

    <p>The phenotype appears in every generation, each affected person having an affected parent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular explanation for the shape of wrinkled peas in Mendel's experiment?

    <p>The R allele encodes Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1), while the r allele does not produce Sbe1, leading to the accumulation of sucrose and unbranched starch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular explanation for the color of green peas in Mendel's experiment?

    <p>The Y allele encodes the Stay green enzyme (Sgr), while the y allele does not produce Sgr, leading to the retention of chlorophyll.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down chlorophyll in peas?

    <p>Stay green enzyme (Sgr)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a recessive allele is present according to one of the general molecular principles mentioned?

    <p>It usually does not encode a functional protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the R allele in Mendel's experiment?

    <p>It encodes Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1).</p> Signup and view all the answers

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