18 Questions
Which disease exhibits a dominant pattern of inheritance based on the pedigree analysis?
Huntington’s disease
Which disease exhibits a recessive pattern of inheritance based on the pedigree analysis?
Cystic fibrosis
What is a key aspect of pedigrees with dominant traits?
Affected children always have at least one affected parent
Which single-gene trait caused by a dominant allele has the highest frequency among humans?
Familial hypercholesterolemia
What is the likelihood of an unaffected family member transmitting the phenotype to their children in autosomal dominant inheritance?
Unaffected family members do not transmit the phenotype to their children.
What is a characteristic of diseases with recessive alleles in humans?
They often require both parents to be carriers in order for the offspring to be affected.
What is the molecular explanation for the wrinkled peas in Mendel's pea shape experiment?
The R allele encodes Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1) and the r allele does not make Sbe1, leading to sucrose and unbranched starch build-up.
What is the molecular explanation for the green peas in Mendel's pea color experiment?
The Y allele encodes Stay green enzyme (Sgr) and the y allele does not make Sgr, leading to chlorophyll not being broken down and the peas remaining green.
Based on the general molecular principles, what does a dominant allele usually determine?
A normally functioning protein
According to the general molecular principles, what does a recessive allele usually encode?
A non-functional protein
What happens when the y allele is present in Mendel's pea color experiment?
Chlorophyll is not broken down and the peas remain green
What is the consequence of having the r allele in Mendel's pea shape experiment?
Sucrose and unbranched starch build up, leading to wrinkled peas
What is the molecular explanation for the wrinkled peas in Mendel's experiment?
The R allele encodes Starch branching enzyme (Sbe1), while the r allele does not make Sbe1, leading to build-up of sucrose and unbranched starch, causing wrinkled peas
What is the role of the Y allele in determining pea color in Mendel's experiment?
The Y allele encodes the Stay green enzyme (Sgr), which helps break down chlorophyll, resulting in green peas
Based on the general molecular principles mentioned, what does a dominant allele usually determine?
A normally functioning protein
According to the general molecular principles mentioned, what does a recessive allele usually encode?
A non-functional protein
What happens when the r allele is present in Mendel's experiment?
Sucrose and unbranched starch build up, leading to wrinkled peas
What is the effect of the Y allele in Mendel's experiment?
Chlorophyll breakdown, resulting in green peas
Test your understanding of the molecular explanation for Mendel’s pea shape and how the R and r alleles encode enzymes affecting pea shape. Explore the concepts related to sucrose and starch buildup leading to the formation of wrinkled peas.
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