Ninja Nerd - Circulatory System | Arteries of the Thorax & Abdomen | Torso Anatomy Model
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Questions and Answers

Which artery arises from the left ventricle?

  • Brachiocephalic artery
  • Ascending aorta (correct)
  • Pulmonary trunk
  • Descending thoracic aorta

    • Which artery splits into the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries?

  • Brachiocephalic artery (correct)
  • Left subclavian artery
  • Left common carotid artery
  • Ascending aorta

    • What is the purpose of the internal carotid artery?

  • Supplies the Circle of Willis (correct)
  • Supplies the face
  • Supplies the external structures of the skull
  • Supplies the muscles of the posterior skull

    • Which artery branches into the facial artery, superficial temporal artery, and external occipital artery?

    <p>External carotid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pulmonary veins?

    <p>Return oxygenated blood to the left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that supplies the breast tissue?

    <p>Internal thoracic (or mammary) artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that becomes the abdominal aorta once it crosses the diaphragm?

    <p>Descending thoracic aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the intercostal muscles?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that branches into the right and left pulmonary arteries?

    <p>Pulmonary trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the external structures of the skull?

    <p>External carotid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the gluteal muscles?

    <p>Both superior and inferior gluteal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the inferior mesenteric artery?

    <p>Supplies the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the liver?

    <p>Common hepatic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the celiac trunk?

    <p>Supplies the stomach, liver, and spleen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the external genitalia and perineum?

    <p>Internal pudendal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the middle colic artery?

    <p>Supplies the transverse colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the testes?

    <p>Right and left gonadal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the superior mesenteric artery?

    <p>Supplies the small intestine and part of the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the spleen?

    <p>Splenic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the obturator artery?

    <p>Supplies the obturator foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Vessels in the Torso and Head

    • The ascending aorta arises from the left ventricle and arches upwards.
    • Three important vessels branch off the aortic arch:
      • Brachiocephalic artery (right)
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • The brachiocephalic artery branches into the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries.
    • The left common carotid artery splits into the internal carotid artery (supplies the Circle of Willis) and external carotid artery (supplies external structures).
    • The external carotid artery branches into:
      • Facial artery (supplies the face)
      • Superficial temporal artery (supplies the muscles of the skull)
      • External occipital artery (supplies the muscles of the posterior skull)

    Blood Vessels in the Thorax

    • The pulmonary trunk (from the right ventricle) branches into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which supply the lungs.
    • The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
    • The descending thoracic aorta gives off:
      • Left posterior intercostal arteries (supply the intercostal muscles)
      • Internal thoracic (or mammary) artery (supplies the breast tissue)
      • Left anterior intercostal artery (supplies the intercostal muscles)

    Blood Vessels in the Abdominal Cavity

    • The descending thoracic aorta becomes the abdominal aorta once it crosses the diaphragm.
    • The abdominal aorta gives off:
      • Inferior phrenic artery (supplies the diaphragm)
      • Right and left suprarenal (or adrenal) arteries (supply the adrenal glands)
      • Celiac trunk (supplies the stomach, liver, and spleen)
        • Left gastric artery (supplies the stomach)
        • Common hepatic artery (supplies the liver)
        • Splenic artery (supplies the spleen)
      • Superior mesenteric artery (supplies the small intestine and part of the large intestine)
      • Right and left renal arteries (supply the kidneys)
      • Right and left gonadal arteries (supply the testes or ovaries)
      • Inferior mesenteric artery (supplies the rest of the large intestine)
      • Right and left common iliac arteries (supply the lower limbs)

    Blood Vessels in the Lower Limbs

    • The right and left common iliac arteries branch into the internal iliac artery and external iliac artery.
    • The internal iliac artery gives off:
      • Superior gluteal artery (supplies the gluteal muscles)
      • Inferior gluteal artery (supplies the gluteal muscles)
      • Internal pudendal artery (supplies the external genitalia and perineum)
      • Obturator artery (supplies the obturator foramen)
    • The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery, which gives off:
      • Lateral circumflex femoral artery
      • Medial circumflex femoral artery
      • Deep femoral artery (supplies the deep muscle tissue of the thigh)

    Blood Vessels in the Abdominal Organs

    • The liver receives blood from the right and left hepatic arteries.
    • The transverse colon and ileum receive blood from the intestinal arteries, which branch off the superior mesenteric artery.
    • The intestinal arteries supply the small intestine, including the jejunum, ileum, and part of the duodenum.### Intestinal Arteries
    • The superior mesenteric artery has several branches that supply different parts of the intestine:
      • Right colic arteries (310, 311, 312) supply the ascending colon
      • Ileocecal artery (313) supplies the cecum and appendix
      • Middle colic artery supplies the transverse colon

    Inferior Mesenteric Artery

    • The inferior mesenteric artery branches into:
      • Left colic artery, which supplies the descending colon
      • Sigmoid arteries, which supply the sigmoid colon
      • Superior rectal artery, which supplies the rectum

    Other Arteries

    • Common hepatic artery branches into:
      • Proper hepatic artery, which supplies the liver
      • Gastroduodenal artery, which supplies the stomach and duodenum
    • Gastroduodenal artery further branches into:
      • Right gastroepiploic artery
      • Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
      • Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

    Additional Arteries

    • Left gastric artery (297) supplies the stomach
    • Splenic artery (294) supplies the spleen

    Blood Vessels in the Torso and Head

    • The ascending aorta arises from the left ventricle and arches upwards.
    • Three main vessels branch off the aortic arch: brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
    • The brachiocephalic artery branches into the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries.
    • The left common carotid artery splits into the internal carotid artery and external carotid artery.
    • The external carotid artery branches into the facial artery, superficial temporal artery, and external occipital artery.

    Blood Vessels in the Thorax

    • The pulmonary trunk branches into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which supply the lungs.
    • The pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
    • The descending thoracic aorta gives off left posterior intercostal arteries, internal thoracic artery, and left anterior intercostal artery.

    Blood Vessels in the Abdominal Cavity

    • The descending thoracic aorta becomes the abdominal aorta once it crosses the diaphragm.
    • The abdominal aorta gives off several branches, including the inferior phrenic artery, right and left suprarenal arteries, and celiac trunk.
    • The celiac trunk branches into the left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, and splenic artery.

    Blood Vessels in the Lower Limbs

    • The common iliac arteries branch into the internal iliac artery and external iliac artery.
    • The internal iliac artery gives off several branches, including the superior gluteal artery and inferior gluteal artery.
    • The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery, which gives off several branches, including the lateral circumflex femoral artery and deep femoral artery.

    Blood Vessels in the Abdominal Organs

    • The liver receives blood from the right and left hepatic arteries.
    • The small intestine receives blood from the intestinal arteries, which branch off the superior mesenteric artery.
    • The intestinal arteries supply the jejunum, ileum, and part of the duodenum.

    Intestinal Arteries

    • The superior mesenteric artery has several branches that supply different parts of the intestine, including the right colic arteries, ileocecal artery, and middle colic artery.

    Inferior Mesenteric Artery

    • The inferior mesenteric artery branches into the left colic artery, sigmoid arteries, and superior rectal artery.

    Other Arteries

    • The common hepatic artery branches into the proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery.
    • The gastroduodenal artery further branches into the right gastroepiploic artery, superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.

    Additional Arteries

    • The left gastric artery supplies the stomach.
    • The splenic artery supplies the spleen.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy of blood vessels in the torso and head, including the aortic arch, carotid arteries, and subclavian arteries.

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