35 Questions
What is the primary function of the tunica media in blood vessels?
To contain smooth muscle and elastic tissue
Which type of artery is characterized by its ability to stretch without tearing in response to increased pressure?
Elastic Arteries
What is the outermost layer of a blood vessel responsible for?
Anchoring the vessel to surrounding tissue
Which of the following arteries is NOT an example of an elastic artery?
Brachial
What is the purpose of the elastic fibers in the tunica media of elastic arteries?
To convert stored energy to kinetic energy
Which of the following is a characteristic of arterioles?
Muscular walls
What is the main function of Starling forces in the capillary bed?
To regulate fluid exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid
What is the pressure-driven movement of fluid from the blood capillaries into the interstitial fluid?
Filtration
What is the pressure that promotes reabsorption of fluid from the interstitial fluid back into the capillary?
Blood colloid osmotic pressure
What is the net filtration pressure at the arterial end of the capillary?
10 mmHg
What is the average percentage of fluid filtered that is reabsorbed?
85%
What is the formula for blood flow?
Flow = P ÷ R
What is the main factor that affects blood pressure?
Total blood volume
What is the highest pressure in the arteries?
Systolic blood pressure
What is the formula for mean arterial pressure?
MAP = DBP + 1/3(SBP - DBP)
What is the normal ratio of systolic:diastolic:pulse pressure?
3:2:1
What is the primary function of the muscular layer in muscular arteries?
To maintain vascular tone and control blood flow
What is the term for the union of two or more branches of arteries that supply the same tissue or region?
Anastomoses
Which type of capillaries are found in the kidneys and have larger holes?
Fenestrated capillaries
What is the primary function of precapillary sphincters?
To control blood flow into the capillary
What is the characteristic of venules that allows them to act as a reservoir of blood?
Thin walls
What is the purpose of valves in veins?
To aid in venous return by preventing backflow
Which type of arteries do not anastomose and blockage leads to necrosis and cell death?
End arteries
What is the primary function of arterioles?
To control blood flow to the organs
What is the characteristic of capillaries that allows for the exchange of nutrients and wastes?
Thin walls
Which type of capillaries are found in the liver and have a more extensive network?
Sinusoidal capillaries
What is the normal blood pressure in the aorta during systole?
120 mmHg
What is the purpose of the skeletal muscle pump in venous return?
To compress veins and push blood through valves
What is the main function of baroreceptors in the neural regulation of blood pressure?
To sense changes in pressure
What is the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on cardiac output?
Increase force of heart contractions
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the hormonal regulation of blood pressure?
To respond to dehydration or decreased blood volume
What is the effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on blood pressure?
Decreases blood pressure
How long does it take for a drop of blood to go from the right atrium and back?
1 minute
How many miles does a person's blood travel in one day?
12,000 miles
How many times does the heart beat in a year?
35 million times
Test your knowledge of the anatomy and structure of blood vessels, including the three layers or tunics, and the different types of vessels such as arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and venules. Learn about the composition and function of each layer and vessel type.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
