29 Questions
What is the purpose of washing red blood cells with a series of saline solutions with decreasing osmolality?
To remove glycerol from the red cells
What is the primary indication for using washed red blood cells?
Patients with anaphylactic reactions to plasma proteins
What is the primary purpose of irradiating red blood cells?
To prevent transfusion-associated graft vs.host disease
What is a disadvantage of using washed red blood cells?
It is an open system
What is the expected loss of red cells during the washing process?
10-20% of the total volume
What is the storage temperature for washed red blood cells?
1-6°C
What is a common sign of a transfusion reaction?
Jaundice
What type of antibody is involved in delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions?
IgG
What should be done immediately when a patient shows signs of a transfusion reaction?
Stop the transfusion
What is the primary mechanism involved in immune-mediated hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Complement activation
What is the typical time frame for acute hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Within 24 hours
What is the primary objective of rechecking the patient and blood unit ABO group?
To ensure ABO compatibility
What information is included on the labeling form/tag attached to the donor unit?
Patient's full name, ID number, ABO/Rh, donor number, and compatibility results
What is the most common contaminant found in blood bags?
Yersinia enterocolitica
What is the purpose of visually inspecting the blood unit before release?
To detect bacterial contamination or clots
What is the process of releasing a blood product to the nurse or physician?
Comparing the requisition form, donor unit tag, and blood product label
What should be done if the blood unit is unused?
Return it to the inventory
What is the minimum time a nurse must stay with the patient after the infusion of blood?
15 minutes
What is the purpose of using a filter during blood transfusion?
To remove gross blood clots and cellular debris
Why is it essential to infuse blood within 4 hours of its release from the blood bank facility?
To prevent bacterial contamination
What is the purpose of documenting the blood transfusion process?
To verify consent and track any transfusion reactions
What is the standard size of the filter used to remove cellular and plasma components from the blood?
170-260 micrometers
What is the consequence of infusing blood with 5% dextrose?
Hemolysis in vivo
What is the primary cause of Transfusion-Associated Graft Vs Host Disease?
Immunocompetent donor lymphocytes
Which of the following is a major complication of Transfusion-Associated Graft Vs Host Disease?
Sepsis and hemorrhage
What is the primary method of prevention for Transfusion-Associated Graft Vs Host Disease?
Irradiation of blood products before transfusion
What is the primary cause of Bacterial Contamination of Blood Products?
Improper cleansing during collection
What is the primary complication of Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload?
Chronic Heart Failure
What is the primary prevention method for Citrate Toxicity?
Remove-plasma
This quiz covers the steps to take when dealing with ABO incompatibility in blood transfusions, including rechecking patient and blood unit ABO groups and checking for clinically significant antibodies.
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