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ABO Antigens and Blood Transfusion

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about ABO antigens?

They are modified by the addition of two types of terminal sugar residues

They are only expressed on red blood cells

They are encoded by three alleles of the same gene

They are carbohydrates on membrane glycoproteins or glycosphingolipids (correct)

Which blood group individuals express both terminal sugars on different glycolipid or glycoprotein molecules?

Blood group O

Blood group B

Blood group A

Blood group AB (correct)

Which individuals make both anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

Blood group B individuals

Blood group A individuals

Blood group O individuals (correct)

Blood group AB individuals

Which type of antibodies are largely specific for A or B antigens?

IgM Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a severe transfusion reaction?

Systemic inflammatory response Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn?

RhD-negative mother Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of HLA matching in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?

To prevent rejection of transplanted stem cells by NK cells Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ABO Antigens

ABO antigens are responsible for the ABO blood group system.

Blood Group Antigens

Individuals with AB blood group express both terminal sugars on different glycolipid or glycoprotein molecules.

Antibody Production

Individuals with O blood group make both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.

Antibody Specificity

Naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B antibodies are largely specific for A or B antigens.

Transfusion Reactions

A severe transfusion reaction results in intravascular hemolysis, which can lead to kidney failure, shock, and even death.

Hemolytic Disease

The main cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn is ABO incompatibility between the mother and fetus.

HLA Matching

The purpose of HLA matching in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is to reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease and improve transplant outcomes.

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Description

Test your knowledge on ABO antigens and blood transfusion in this quiz. Learn about the importance of blood group compatibility and the barriers to successful transfusion.