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Blood Supply of the Brain and Spinal Cord

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71 Questions

Which artery supplies the middle fossa of the cranial cavity through the carotid canal?

Internal carotid artery

What characteristic bends are present along the course of the internal carotid artery?

Carotid siphon

Where does the internal carotid artery pass after the cavernous sinus?

Anterior clinoid process

What lies lateral to the optic chiasma in relation to the internal carotid artery?

Surface of the brain

Which artery gives rise to several pre-terminal branches along its course?

Internal carotid artery

In how many parts can the internal carotid artery be divided?

4 parts

Where are 85% of aneurysms located?

In the anterior circulation

Which veins drain into the great cerebral vein?

Deep cerebral veins

Where does venous blood flow via after passing through the transverse sinus?

Sigmoid sinus

Which vessels run the length of the spinal cord?

Anterior spinal artery and paired posterior spinal arteries

Where do superficial veins principally empty into?

Superior sagittal sinus

What is continuous with the great cerebral vein?

Straight sinus

What are the components of the posterior circulation in the Circle of Willis?

Vertebral arteries, basilar artery, posterior cerebral arteries

What is the most common cause of neurological disability?

Ischemic stroke

What happens when there is a sudden occlusion of a cerebral artery?

Death of brain tissue

Which condition involves bleeding into the brain tissue?

Hemorrhagic stroke

What is an aneurysm?

An abnormal balloon-like swelling of an artery

How long can recovery of function after a stroke take?

Up to two years

Where do vessels drain in the internal vertebral venous plexus?

Into anterior and posterior radicular veins

Which structure is situated between the dura mater and the vertebral periosteum?

Internal vertebral venous plexus

What do the internal and external vertebral venous plexus communicate with?

Ascending lumbar veins

What is the location of the internal vertebral venous plexus?

Between dura mater and vertebral periosteum

'The epidural venous plexus is also known as?'

Internal vertebral venous plexus

'The blood supply of the brain primarily involves?'

Cerebral arteries

Which vessels complete an anastomosis on the base of the brain known as the circle of Willis?

Posterior communicating arteries

What does the circle of Willis encircle in the brain?

Optic chiasma and floor of the hypothalamus

What is the function of the communicating arteries in the brain's blood supply system?

To provide circulation through an anastomosis

Which group of vessels penetrate the surface of the brain from the circle of Willis?

Posterior perforating arteries

What could be expected if there was narrowing of the proximal parts of cerebral arteries?

Compensation by circulation through communicating arteries

Which artery supplies the tympanic cavity and forms an anastomosis with a branch of the greater palatine artery?

Caroticotympanic artery

Which artery is inconsistent in its presence in the Pterygoid Canal?

Posterior Communicating artery

Which structure is located between the trigeminal ganglion and the orbital cavity?

Cavernous sinus

Which artery supplies the structures inside the skull and has no branches in the neck?

Caroticotympanic artery

Which artery runs along the carotid canal of the temporal bone?

Caroticotympanic artery

Which artery supplies the structures inside the skull and has no branches in the neck?

Internal carotid artery

Which artery supplies the tympanic cavity and forms an anastomosis with a branch of the greater palatine artery?

Caroticotympanic artery

Where do the cavernous branches of the internal carotid artery anastomose with a branch of the greater palatine artery?

Trigeminal ganglion

Which part of the brain does the Cavernous branch of the internal carotid artery supply?

Basal ganglia

Which artery has inconsistent presence in the Pterygoid Canal?

Pterygoid Canal artery

the posterior communicating artery passes backwards to join the posterior cerebral artery thus forming part of the circle of Willis

True

The basilar artery is formed by the merger of the internal carotid arteries.

False

The Circle of Willis is a network of arteries that anastomose within the spinal cord.

False

The internal carotid arteries supply the majority of the lateral part of the brain.

True

The vertebral arteries supply the pons.

True

The anterior choroidal artery is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.

False

The blood supply to the brain is primarily achieved through two paired arteries: the vertebral arteries and the external carotid arteries.

False

The Circle of Willis is a circle formed by the terminal branches of the vertebral arteries and external carotid arteries.

False

The ophthalmic artery is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery.

False

The spinal cord is primarily supplied by three longitudinal arteries: the anterior spinal artery, formed from branches of the vertebral arteries, and the two posterior spinal arteries, which originate from the vertebral artery or the posteroinferior cerebellar artery.

True

The blood supply to the brain and spinal cord relies solely on the internal carotid arteries.

False

The Circle of Willis plays a crucial role in ensuring that the brain and spinal cord receive the necessary blood flow to function optimally.

True

The vertebral arteries are not involved in supplying blood to the majority of the cerebrum.

False

The anterior spinal artery originates from branches of the internal carotid artery.

False

The posterior spinal arteries are not essential for maintaining the health of the spinal cord.

False

The internal carotid arteries do not contribute to the blood supply of the brain.

False

The arteries originating from the posteroinferior cerebellar artery do not supply any structures in the spinal cord.

False

The superior sagittal sinus and straight sinuses meet at the confluence of the sinuses.

True

Venous blood from the brain flows directly into the aorta.

False

The veins of the head and neck have less variability in location than arteries.

False

The basilar artery drains into the superior sagittal sinus.

False

The internal carotid arteries play a minimal role in the blood supply of the brain.

False

The internal jugular vein passes through the jugular foramen.

False

The internal jugular vein lies lateral to the common carotid artery.

False

The sigmoid sinus drains blood from the lingual vein.

False

The sigmoid sinus receives blood from the subclavian vein.

False

The internal jugular vein drains the oesophagus.

False

The internal jugular vein passes through the jugular foramen.

False

The external jugular vein is medial to the common carotid artery.

False

The sigmoid sinus receives blood from the superior thyroid veins.

False

The internal jugular vein lies deep to the external jugular vein.

True

The internal jugular vein drains the trachea directly.

False

Learn about the blood supply and venous drainage of the brain and spinal cord, neurological complications associated with cerebral arteries, and arterial supply of the head and neck. This lecture by Dr. Melissa Conroy covers key concepts in anatomy.

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