Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are nutritional biomarkers?
What are nutritional biomarkers?
- Specific genes related to dietary assessment
- Constituents in the blood or urine that can be used to estimate nutrient intake (correct)
- Biological markers indicating food allergies
- Indicators of physical fitness levels
Which type of validation study using biomarkers is considered the gold standard?
Which type of validation study using biomarkers is considered the gold standard?
- Recovery (correct)
- Concentration
- Replacement
- None of the above
What do concentration biomarkers correspond to?
What do concentration biomarkers correspond to?
- Reflect total nutrient intake
- Reflect blood pressure
- Correspond to but does not reflect total intake (correct)
- Reflect physical activity levels
In what situation do replacement biomarkers serve as a proxy for intake?
In what situation do replacement biomarkers serve as a proxy for intake?
What is important to appreciate about the time period of exposure reflected by biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology?
What is important to appreciate about the time period of exposure reflected by biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology?
What are nutritional biomarkers used to estimate?
What are nutritional biomarkers used to estimate?
What is an example of a biomarker used in recovery validation studies?
What is an example of a biomarker used in recovery validation studies?
Give an example of a concentration biomarker.
Give an example of a concentration biomarker.
When do replacement biomarkers serve as a proxy for intake?
When do replacement biomarkers serve as a proxy for intake?
What is important to appreciate about the time period of exposure reflected by biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology?
What is important to appreciate about the time period of exposure reflected by biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology?
Explain the use of biomarkers in estimating nutrient intake and comparing it to dietary assessment.
Explain the use of biomarkers in estimating nutrient intake and comparing it to dietary assessment.
What are the three categories of validation studies using biomarkers, and provide an example for each?
What are the three categories of validation studies using biomarkers, and provide an example for each?
What is the gold standard validation study for biomarkers, and provide an example?
What is the gold standard validation study for biomarkers, and provide an example?
In what situation do replacement biomarkers serve as a proxy for intake?
In what situation do replacement biomarkers serve as a proxy for intake?
Why is it important to appreciate the difference in time period of exposure reflected by biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology compared to dietary intake?
Why is it important to appreciate the difference in time period of exposure reflected by biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology compared to dietary intake?
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Study Notes
Nutritional Biomarkers
- Constituents in blood or urine used to estimate nutrient intake or compare to dietary assessment.
- Provide objective validation of dietary assessments, independent of food intake.
Categories of Validation Studies using Biomarkers
- Recovery: Gold standard, example: doubly labeled water, urinary nitrogen, urinary potassium.
- Concentration: Correspond to but do not reflect total intake, example: plasma vitamin C or plasma carotenoids.
- Replacement: Proxy for intake when limited nutrient databases, example: sodium, phytoestrogens, polyphenols or aflatoxin.
Biomarkers in Nutritional Epidemiology
- Time period of exposure reflected by biomarker differs from that of dietary intake.
- Important to appreciate this difference in exposure periods.
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