Nutrition Research Methods: Specific Nutritional Biomarkers

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What is the main limitation of using urinary vitamin C concentration as a biomarker of overall vitamin C intake?

It is not affected by endogenous sources of vitamin C

It is influenced by dietary sources of vitamin C

It is mainly assessed in plasma

It cannot accurately reflect long-term vitamin C intake (correct)

Why does blood calcium have limited value as a marker of calcium status?

It fluctuates widely based on short-term intake

It is tightly controlled by the liver

It is influenced by endogenous and exogenous sources of calcium (correct)

It is not correlated with dietary calcium intake

Which form of vitamin E shows a higher correlation with intake in adipose tissue?

β-tocopherol

δ-tocopherol

α-tocopherol

γ-tocopherol (correct)

What is the main source of dietary vitamin D?

Fortified foods Signup and view all the answers

Which micronutrient can be measured in erythrocytes and is highly correlated with plasma levels?

Vitamin E Signup and view all the answers

Which biomarker can be used as a marker for fat intake?

Individual fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the key limitation of using 24-hour urinary nitrogen as a biomarker for protein intake?

It is not feasible to collect 24-hour urine samples Signup and view all the answers

Why is there currently no biomarker for total carbohydrate intake?

Carbohydrates undergo extensive metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient's bioactive form can be measured in serum and plasma?

Vitamin A Signup and view all the answers

What cannot be synthesised de novo by humans and can be used as a marker of intake for fat?

$\omega − 3$ (α-linoleic acid) Signup and view all the answers

What can be used as a biomarker of overall vitamin C intake?

Plasma concentration of vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

Which form of vitamin E is highly correlated with plasma vitamin E and can be measured in erythrocytes?

α-tocopherol Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral status assessment shows significant but variable correlations between intake from dietary sources and plasma concentration?

Vitamin K status Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly used as a measure of vitamin D status?

Plasma 25(OH)D level Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard method for measuring urinary nitrogen?

Kjeldahl method Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient's intake shows a strong correlation with folic acid and folate in red blood cells, serum, and plasma?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

Which biomarker can be used as a predictor of total sugar intake?

Sum of urinary sucrose and fructose Signup and view all the answers

Why is there currently no biomarker for total carbohydrate intake?

The complex nature of carbohydrates and their extensive metabolism make it challenging to identify a specific biomarker. Signup and view all the answers

What is the bioactive form of vitamin A that can be measured in serum and plasma?

Retinol Signup and view all the answers

Which specimen can be used to measure individual fatty acids as a biomarker of fat intake?

Blood Signup and view all the answers

Nutrition Research Methods: Specific Nutritional Biomarkers

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Questions and Answers

What is the main limitation of using urinary vitamin C concentration as a biomarker of overall vitamin C intake?

Why does blood calcium have limited value as a marker of calcium status?

Which form of vitamin E shows a higher correlation with intake in adipose tissue?

What is the main source of dietary vitamin D?

Which micronutrient can be measured in erythrocytes and is highly correlated with plasma levels?

Which biomarker can be used as a marker for fat intake?

What is the key limitation of using 24-hour urinary nitrogen as a biomarker for protein intake?

Why is there currently no biomarker for total carbohydrate intake?

Which nutrient's bioactive form can be measured in serum and plasma?

What cannot be synthesised de novo by humans and can be used as a marker of intake for fat?

What can be used as a biomarker of overall vitamin C intake?

Which form of vitamin E is highly correlated with plasma vitamin E and can be measured in erythrocytes?

Which mineral status assessment shows significant but variable correlations between intake from dietary sources and plasma concentration?

What is commonly used as a measure of vitamin D status?

What is the standard method for measuring urinary nitrogen?

Which nutrient's intake shows a strong correlation with folic acid and folate in red blood cells, serum, and plasma?

Which biomarker can be used as a predictor of total sugar intake?

Why is there currently no biomarker for total carbohydrate intake?

What is the bioactive form of vitamin A that can be measured in serum and plasma?

Which specimen can be used to measure individual fatty acids as a biomarker of fat intake?

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