Questions and Answers
What provides long-term energy storage for animals?
What provides instructions for building proteins?
DNA
What provides immediate energy?
Glucose
What are sex hormones classified as?
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What provides short-term energy storage for plants? (Select all that apply)
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What forms the cell membrane of all cells?
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What speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy?
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What is one sugar called?
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What do cells convert glucose to?
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What is the monomer of proteins?
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What provides long-term energy storage for plants?
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What is the genetic material?
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What steroid makes up part of the cell membranes?
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What is the 3-carbon 'backbone' of a fat?
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What provides short-term energy storage for animals?
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What is many sugars called?
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What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
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What forms the cell wall of plant cells?
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Study Notes
Macromolecules Overview
- Saturated fats are responsible for long-term energy storage in animals.
- DNA serves as the blueprint for building proteins in living organisms.
Energy Sources
- Glucose provides immediate energy, essential for cellular functions.
- Sucrose, starch, and carbohydrates offer short-term energy storage for plants.
- Glycogen is the short-term energy storage form for animals.
- Cells convert glucose into ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
Cellular Structures
- Phospholipids comprise the cell membrane in all cells, creating a barrier for cellular compartments.
- Cellulose forms the rigid cell wall in plant cells, providing support and structure.
Protein Components
- Amino acids act as the monomers for proteins, forming the building blocks needed for protein synthesis.
- Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids, which include DNA and RNA.
Hormones and Cholesterol
- Steroids, including sex hormones, play significant roles in regulating various biological functions.
- Cholesterol is a type of steroid that contributes to the structural integrity of cell membranes.
Molecular Structures
- Monosaccharides represent single sugar units, essential for energy and metabolism.
- Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made up of many sugar units, serving various structural and energy roles.
Reaction Facilitation
- Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy, crucial for metabolic processes.
Other Key Components
- Glycerol serves as the three-carbon backbone for fats, linking fatty acids to form lipids.
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Test your knowledge on macromolecules with these flashcards. Each card covers key definitions and concepts related to proteins, energy storage, and more. Perfect for biology students wanting to reinforce their understanding of biological molecules.
