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Biology Chapter on Transport Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of active transport?

Transporting oxygen into the cell

Moving molecules from high to low concentration

Equalizing concentrations inside and outside the cell

Moving molecules from low to high concentration (correct)

Which molecule provides the energy required for active transport?

Glucose

ATP (correct)

ADP

NADH

What is the role of carrier proteins in active transport?

To facilitate movement of molecules with the concentration gradient

To actively move molecules against the concentration gradient (correct)

To provide structural support to the cell membrane

To break down ATP for energy

In the sodium-potassium pump, which ion is pumped into the cell?

Potassium (K+) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the sodium-potassium pump critical for nerve cells?

It maintains proper ion concentrations for impulse transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary force responsible for pushing small molecules across a semi-permeable membrane in the filtration process?

Blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecules are unable to pass through the semi-permeable membrane during the filtration process?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

In the context of filtration, what role does the semi-permeable membrane play?

Permits the passage of small molecules only Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if blood pressure were insufficient for the filtration process?

No filtration would occur Signup and view all the answers

During filtration, why are large molecules like proteins retained in the bloodstream?

They are too large to pass through the membrane pores Signup and view all the answers

What happens to guard cells during the daytime?

They swell and create a pore due to water influx. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that causes guard cells to become flaccid at night?

Water leaving the guard cells due to lower solute concentration. Signup and view all the answers

How do semi-permeable membranes function in water-treatment technologies?

They selectively allow water to pass while blocking salts. Signup and view all the answers

Why do guard cells become hypertonic during the day?

They produce more glucose than the surrounding cells. Signup and view all the answers

What property of semi-permeable membranes allows them to separate bacteria from solutions?

Their size restriction that prevents bacteria from passing. Signup and view all the answers