Cell Biology Active Transport Quiz

The movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy expenditure.

A type of active transport that pumps sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, maintaining the electrochemical gradient across the membrane.

A type of active transport that pumps calcium ions out of the cell, maintaining calcium concentration in the cytosol.

A cellular transport mechanism that moves molecules across a membrane with the aid of a carrier protein, but without requiring direct energy expenditure.

Cells that perform active transport have a higher concentration of mitochondria compared to other cells.

Active transport moves substances across a membrane against the concentration gradient, while osmosis and diffusion move substances down the concentration gradient.

The movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, without requiring energy expenditure.

The difference in concentration of a substance across a membrane.

A type of active transport that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, using energy from ATP.

The sodium-potassium pump changes shape when it binds to phosphate from ATP, allowing sodium ions to move across the membrane.

The sodium-potassium pump binds to potassium ions and releases them inside the cell after it returns to its original shape.

A type of active transport that removes calcium ions from the cell, maintaining low calcium concentration inside.

The calcium pump doesn't require binding to a second ion to return to its original shape. It only needs to bind to calcium ions.

The sodium-potassium pump failing could disrupt nerve cell function, affecting signal transmission.

Facilitated diffusion uses membrane transport proteins to move molecules down their concentration gradient without requiring direct energy expenditure.

Cells performing active transport often have more mitochondria compared to cells that don't, because active transport requires energy.

Transporters (carrier proteins) and channel proteins are involved in facilitated diffusion, moving molecules across the cell membrane without requiring energy.

Glucose transporters are carrier proteins that help glucose move across the cell membrane down its concentration gradient.

The glucose transporter changes shape after binding to glucose, facilitating the movement of glucose across the membrane.

Ion channels are specific proteins embedded in the cell membrane that allow the passage of certain ions, maintaining the cell`s electrical potential.

Ion channels are usually gated, opening or closing to regulate the passage of ions.

The cell maintains different concentrations of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions on either side of the membrane. Sodium is abundant outside, while potassium is abundant inside the cell.

To balance the charges, the cell also maintains a high concentration of chloride (Cl-) ions outside the cell and a higher concentration of organic and inorganic ions or anions inside the cell.

Facilitated diffusion, unlike active transport, does not require energy to move molecules across the cell membrane. It relies on concentration gradients.

A type of membrane transport protein that requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

A type of membrane transport protein that helps move molecules across the membrane down their concentration gradient, without requiring energy.

A type of active transport that moves molecules or ions against the concentration gradient by binding to a carrier protein.

A carrier protein that helps move glucose molecules across the cell membrane from an area of high glucose concentration to an area of low glucose concentration.

The movement of molecules or ions across a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, with the help of membrane transport proteins. It does not require the cell to expend energy.

The process of moving ions across a membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring the cell to expend energy.

The Na+-K+ pump actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, maintaining the electrochemical gradient.

A change in DNA sequence that can affect the function of a protein.

Substances that cause changes in the DNA sequence, potentially leading to mutations.