Biology Chapter on Respiratory System

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What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Regulating body temperature

Digestion of food

Exchange of gases between the atmosphere and body cells (correct)

Transporting nutrients in the bloodstream

Which part of the respiratory system includes the nasal cavity and the larynx?

Alveolar system

Pleural cavity

Upper respiratory system (correct)

Lower respiratory system

What is the role of the nasal hairs in the respiratory system?

To regulate airflow

To trap dust and particles from inhaled air (correct)

To produce mucus

To aid in the exchange of gases

Which of the following statements best describes respiration?

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and body cells Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does air pass through first before entering the lungs?

Trachea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucus in the nasal cavity?

To trap particles and dust Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the throat is directly behind the nasal cavity?

Nasopharynx Signup and view all the answers

How does the nasal mucosa contribute to air quality before it reaches the trachea?

By moistening and filtering the air Signup and view all the answers

What tissue is found in the nasopharynx that helps fight infections?

Lymphoid tissue Signup and view all the answers

What separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity?

Hard palate Signup and view all the answers

What structure connects the nose to the mouth and allows breathing through the nose?

Nasopharynx Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for the distribution of smell to the brain?

Olfactory nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the air that travels over the mucosa in the nasal cavity?

It saturates with water Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the oropharynx?

To transport food and air to appropriate passages Signup and view all the answers

Which structure acts as a barrier to prevent food and liquids from entering the lungs?

Epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

What type of cartilage makes up the thyroid and cricoid cartilages found in the larynx?

Hyaline cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cilia found in the bronchioles?

To remove debris and microbes from the air Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of bronchioles?

Segmental bronchioles Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the air passage during swallowing?

Airflow is momentarily halted Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the bronchi compared to the bronchioles?

Less smooth muscle and more cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Which area serves as a major drainage path for lymphatic fluids?

Throat Signup and view all the answers

Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the lungs?

In the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pleural cavity?

To create a potential space between the pleurae Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3 lobes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lungs?

To perform gaseous exchange Signup and view all the answers

What separates the lobes of the lungs?

Fissures Signup and view all the answers

What does each bronchopulmonary segment contain?

An artery and a tertiary bronchus Signup and view all the answers

How does the autonomic nervous system influence the lungs?

By causing airway constriction and dilation Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature does the left lung have?

The cardiac notch Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pulmonary artery?

It carries deoxygenated blood to the alveoli. Signup and view all the answers

What structure forms the respiratory membrane?

The wall of the alveoli and the capillary wall. Signup and view all the answers

Which intercostal muscles are primarily responsible for inhalation?

External intercostal muscles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the hilum in relation to the lungs?

The region where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

How do the pulmonary veins function after the blood is oxygenated?

They drain oxygenated blood from the alveoli. Signup and view all the answers

Which rib pairs are classified as floating ribs?

Last two pairs. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the process of expiration?

The lungs contract and air is expelled. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the intercostal muscles is true?

Intercostal muscles sit outside, between, and inside the ribs. Signup and view all the answers