Biology Chapter on Macromolecules and Cells
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Questions and Answers

What process is involved in the formation of polymers by linking monomers?

  • Hydrolysis
  • Dehydration (correct)
  • Digestion
  • Transcription

    • Which macromolecule is primarily used as a last resort for energy?

  • Nucleic Acids
  • Proteins (correct)
  • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates

    • Which statement accurately describes a function of the cell membrane?

  • Transports proteins around the cell
  • Produces enzymes for digestion
  • Stores genetic information
  • Controls what enters and exits the cell (correct)

    • What characteristic of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds with itself?

    <p>Cohesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

    <p>Translation of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the function of nucleic acids?

    <p>Store, transmit, and express genetic information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER)?

    <p>Protein synthesis and packaging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of energy storage, which macromolecule is used as a last resort?

    <p>Proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is used to break down large polymers into smaller monomers?

    <p>Hydrolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of water describes its ability to stick to other substances?

    <p>Adhesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between endothermic and exothermic reactions?

    <p>Endothermic reactions absorb energy, while exothermic reactions release energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

    <p>They speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT affect chemical reactions?

    <p>Time of day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ATP in a cell?

    <p>It carries and stores energy for cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the ATP-ADP cycle when a phosphate group is removed from ATP?

    <p>Energy is released for cellular processes in an exothermic reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Processes, sorts, and ships proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

    <p>S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is involved in cellular respiration and ATP production?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the movement of water in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Water exits the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of centrioles during cell division?

    <p>Pulls chromosomes apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of lysosomes in a cell?

    <p>Break down waste materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is apoptosis?

    <p>Programmed cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

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