Biology Chapter: Macromolecules and Cell Functions
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Questions and Answers

What are the two main types of fats categorized under lipids?

  • Monomers and Polymers
  • Solid fats and Liquid oils (correct)
  • Saturated and Unsaturated
  • Triglycerides and Phospholipids (correct)

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of lipids?

  • They do not have a hydrophilic part
  • Composed solely of carbon and hydrogen
  • Form long chains of repeating units called polymers
  • Insoluble in water and contain hydrophobic regions (correct)

Which statement about proteins is true?

  • Proteins can only be composed of C, O, and H
  • They are made up of only carbon and oxygen
  • Proteins consist of amino acids as their building blocks (correct)
  • There are few types of proteins in the body

What is the primary role of DNA in the cell?

<p>To contain genetic information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a monomer from a polymer?

<p>Polymers are made up of repeating units called monomers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does ATP play in cells?

<p>Transports cellular energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is DNA primarily located within a cell?

<p>Nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA in cells?

<p>Carries genetic information from DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the chemical composition of ATP and nucleic acids important in evolutionary studies?

<p>It indicates evolutionary relationships among organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the mass of organisms is primarily accounted for by carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?

<p>95% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles does water NOT play in living organisms?

<p>Acts as a source of energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organic compound is primarily known for its energy role in organisms?

<p>Carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral compound is essential for the formation of hemoglobin?

<p>Iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct statement about organic molecules.

<p>They consist of a carbon atom skeleton with H, O, and N elements added. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Key elements in living matter

The main chemical elements found in living organisms are carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N).

Organic molecules

Molecules containing carbon atoms, with other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen attached.

Water's importance

Water ($H_2O$) is the most abundant molecule in living things and vital for many body functions.

Carbohydrates role

Carbohydrates are molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and primarily provide energy.

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Mineral compounds' roles

Mineral compounds like calcium & phosphorus are vital for bodily functions, like bone and tooth formation.

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Lipid monomer composition

Lipids are composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O).

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Phospholipid function

Phospholipids form cell membranes.

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Protein Composition

Proteins consist of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and sometimes sulfur.

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DNA function

DNA stores genetic information in the nucleus.

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Monomer definition

A single repeating unit of a macromolecule.

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ATP's function

ATP is a molecule that carries energy within cells.

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ATP structure

ATP consists of an adenosine molecule attached to three phosphate groups.

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DNA's role

DNA stores genetic instructions.

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RNA's role

RNA carries out DNA's instructions.

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DNA location

DNA is found in the cell's nucleus.

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