Biology Chapter 18: Information in the Environment

False (B)

diminishing

<p>Internal Information = Taste of Food External INformation = Travel time to Patch External Information = Ease of capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abundance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Horned lizard</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maximize benefits while minimizing costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Search time and handling time</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Search time = Time spent locating food Handling time = Time spent consuming food Foraging = Seeking food while managing other life tasks Optimal Foraging Theory = Strategy to maximize energy while minimizing costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'optimal' time to leave a patch. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a tangent line</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>travel time</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It would be lower. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>patches that have different densities of ants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patch Residence Time = How long a forager stays in a specific food location Intake Rate = The amount of energy a forager gains per unit of time Travel Time = The time it takes a forager to move between patches Optimal Time = The point at which the forager maximizes overall energy gain by leaving a patch</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Time, location, and type of food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through communication and behavioral changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Foraging = The act of searching for and gathering food Marginal Value Theorem = A model used to evaluate optimal foraging Decisions = Choices made by animals during resource search Information = Data collected by organisms about their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental cues and resource availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps them locate resources more efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leave earlier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The density of ants in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>sparse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dense environment = Leave earlier Sparse environment = Leave later Optimal foraging = Capture rate equals average Rate of departure = Time to leave based on resource density</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Foragers leave patches based on resource depletion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capture rate at departure matches the overall average capture rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lizards should leave the nest when the number of ants eaten is at a lower rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 ants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15 ants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1000 to 1500 s = 15 ants 2000 to 2500 s = 10 ants 3000 to 3500 s = 3 ants</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of making decisions about the allocation of time and energy for food gathering.

A theory that suggests animals maximize benefits while minimizing costs in their foraging behavior.

Factors that negatively impact foraging efficiency, such as search time, handling time, and risks from predators.

The positive outcomes of foraging, primarily the energy gained from food sources.

Horned lizards use optimal foraging strategies to balance search time and handling time with energy gained.

Choices animals make regarding when, where, and what to search for food.

The process of gathering information about available resources in the environment.

Changes in species behaviors or traits in response to information from other species.

A model that predicts how long an animal should exploit a resource before moving to a new one.

The communication of relevant environmental data between individual organisms.

Features of an ecosystem that affect animal behaviors and resource decisions.

Theoretical patterns of animal movement over time used to analyze foraging behavior.

Describes patterns of foraging that can be more systematic or entirely haphazard.

The best moment to leave a patch to maximize resource intake.

The resource availability and richness of a specific area.

Prior knowledge that affects decision-making in foraging behavior.

A line that just touches a curve at one point, indicating the optimal point.

The amount of resource collected per unit of time.

Leaving a patch too early or too late reduces the intake rate.

Contrasting patches with varying resource densities to inform foraging decisions.

Data about an organism's state, such as hunger and appetite.

Data from the environment impacting an organism, like travel time and prey cues.

A strategy that maximizes energy intake while minimizing foraging costs.

A principle where the benefit from an additional unit decreases over time.

The speed or frequency at which prey is caught by a forager.

The speed at which an organism gathers resources.

Sound signals that help locate prey.

Sight signals that assist in finding prey.

Places with a high density of prey, leading to earlier departure.

Places with a low density of prey, leading to later departure.

The speed at which lizards leave ant nests based on food availability.

The measurement of the relationship between foraging time and capture rate.

The predictions made by the Marginal Value Theorem regarding foraging behavior.

Deciding when to leave a resource area based on resource availability.

The amount of food or resources present in a foraging area.

Calculating the number of ants consumed over time periods.

The balance of energy spent foraging vs. energy gained from food.

Segments of time used to assess resource consumption.

Horned lizards optimize their foraging based on ant availability.