Biology Chapter 15 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are different versions of the same gene called?

Mutations

Alleles (correct)

Phenotypes

Genotypes

An individual with two identical copies of a gene is heterozygous.

False

What term describes the struggle for resources between organisms?

Competition

How is the evolutionary fitness of an organism measured?

By its success at reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What is adaptation?

A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce Signup and view all the answers

What does allele frequency refer to?

How often a form of a gene appears in a gene pool Signup and view all the answers

Define gene pool.

Total of all alleles of all genes in a population Signup and view all the answers

What is genetic drift?

A change in the allele frequency of a population purely by chance Signup and view all the answers

What does predation refer to?

Act of eating another organism Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Alleles: Variations of a gene arising from nucleotide sequence changes, often due to mutations.
Homozygous vs. Heterozygous: An individual with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous; one with two different alleles is heterozygous.

Natural Selection and Coevolution

Competition: Intense rivalry occurs among members of the same species for limited resources.
Natural Selection: Predators and prey influence each other's evolution, leading to coevolution and resulting in adaptations that enhance survival and reproduction.

Fitness and Adaptation

Evolutionary Fitness: Measured by reproductive success, which can fluctuate with environmental changes.
Adaptation: A beneficial trait developed to aid survival and reproduction.

Genetic Concepts

Allele Frequency: Indicates how often a specific allele occurs within a gene pool.
Gene Pool: Represents the total collection of all alleles for every gene in a population.
Genetic Drift: A random change in allele frequency in a population that occurs by chance.
Predation: The act of one organism consuming another for sustenance.

Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on Chapter 15 of Biology. Learn key terms like alleles, homozygous, and heterozygous along with their definitions. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of genetics.