Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term for genotypes made of the same alleles?
What is the term for genotypes made of the same alleles?
What are different forms of genes for a single trait called?
What are different forms of genes for a single trait called?
alleles
What is the gene that is always expressed?
What is the gene that is always expressed?
dominant
What is the gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state?
What is the gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state?
Signup and view all the answers
What are genotypes made of two different alleles called?
What are genotypes made of two different alleles called?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the following examples of?: D, L, N, R, S
What are the following examples of?: D, L, N, R, S
Signup and view all the answers
What are the following examples of?: n, d, r, k
What are the following examples of?: n, d, r, k
Signup and view all the answers
What are the following examples of?: AA, KK, TT
What are the following examples of?: AA, KK, TT
Signup and view all the answers
What are the following examples of?: ee, qq, ww
What are the following examples of?: ee, qq, ww
Signup and view all the answers
What are the following examples of?: AA, Dd, EE, Jj, RR, Ss?
What are the following examples of?: AA, Dd, EE, Jj, RR, Ss?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the following examples of?: aa, rr?
What are the following examples of?: aa, rr?
Signup and view all the answers
What do the letters on the outside of the Punnett square represent?
What do the letters on the outside of the Punnett square represent?
Signup and view all the answers
What do the letters on the inside of the Punnett square represent?
What do the letters on the inside of the Punnett square represent?
Signup and view all the answers
If a homozygous hornless bull is mated with a homozygous horned cow, what will be the genotype and phenotype of the first generation?
If a homozygous hornless bull is mated with a homozygous horned cow, what will be the genotype and phenotype of the first generation?
Signup and view all the answers
What would be the genotype and phenotype of the P1 and F1 generations if red fruit is dominant over yellow fruit?
What would be the genotype and phenotype of the P1 and F1 generations if red fruit is dominant over yellow fruit?
Signup and view all the answers
If two of the F1 generation from the above cross were mated, what would be the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2?
If two of the F1 generation from the above cross were mated, what would be the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the father phenotype, father genotype, mother phenotype, and mother genotype if a non-roller man marries a heterozygous tongue roller woman?
What are the father phenotype, father genotype, mother phenotype, and mother genotype if a non-roller man marries a heterozygous tongue roller woman?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the probability of this couple having a child who is a tongue roller?
What is the probability of this couple having a child who is a tongue roller?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the probability that a couple with a brown-eyed man and a brown-eyed woman will have a blue-eyed child?
What is the probability that a couple with a brown-eyed man and a brown-eyed woman will have a blue-eyed child?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Genetics Terminology
- Homozygous: Genotypes composed of identical alleles.
- Alleles: Variants of a gene that determine a specific trait.
- Dominant: A gene that consistently manifests in the phenotype, even in the presence of a different allele.
- Recessive: A gene that is only exhibited in the phenotype when paired with another identical allele (homozygous state).
- Heterozygous: Genotypes made of two distinct alleles.
Genotype Examples
- Dominant Alleles Examples: Represented by uppercase letters (e.g., D, L, N, R, S).
- Recessive Alleles Examples: Represented by lowercase letters (e.g., n, d, r, k).
- Homozygous Dominant Examples: Combinations of identical dominant alleles (e.g., AA, KK, TT).
- Homozygous Recessive Examples: Combinations of identical recessive alleles (e.g., ee, qq, ww).
- Dominant Gene Requirement: Genotypes must include a dominant allele (e.g., AA, Dd, EE, Jj, RR, Ss).
- Recessive Gene Requirement: Genotypes must be homozygous recessive (e.g., aa, rr).
Punnett Square Basics
- Outside Letters: Indicate the alleles contributed by the parents.
- Inside Letters: Show possible combinations of offspring traits resulting from parental alleles.
Practical Genetics Applications
-
Horned Cattle Case:
- Parental Cross: Homozygous hornless bull (HH) x Homozygous horned cow (hh).
- First Generation Genotype/Phenotype: F1 will be Hh (all offspring hornless).
-
Tomato Color Cross:
- Parental Cross: Homozygous red fruit (RR) x Yellow fruit (rr).
- First Generation Genotype/Phenotype: F1 will be Rr (all offspring red).
Second Generation Predictions
-
Tomato F2 Cross:
- F1 Cross: Rr x Rr.
- F2 Genotypes and Phenotypes: 1:2:1 genotype ratio; 3:1 phenotype ratio (three red: one yellow).
Human Trait Example
-
Tongue Rolling:
- Father’s Phenotype: Non-roller; Genotype: rr.
- Mother’s Phenotype: Roller; Genotype: Rr.
- Probability of having a tongue-rolling child: 50% (1/2 chance).
Eye Color Genetics
-
Brown vs. Blue Eyes:
- Brown-eyed father (genotype Bb, blue-eyed mother bb).
- Probability of blue-eyed child: 25%.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your understanding of key terms related to monohybrid crosses with this set of flashcards. Each card reveals a specific genetic term and its definition, providing an easy way to remember important concepts in genetics.
