Biology Chapter 1 & 2 Quiz

<p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen bonding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They lack a nucleus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleic acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manipulating one variable while keeping others constant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phospholipids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modification and packaging of proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocrine signaling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exergonic reactions release energy, while endergonic reactions require energy input. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which cells extract energy from organic molecules, primarily glucose.

The movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

The process by which cells use energy to move molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient.

A membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the production of ATP.

A membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the synthesis of proteins.

A membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins.

The sum of all chemical reactions occurring within a cell, including both catabolism and anabolism.

Biology is the scientific study of life. It examines living organisms, their structures, functions, interactions, and origins.

Key characteristics of life include: order, regulation, growth and development, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction, and adaptation.

Atoms are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties of an element. They contain protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Chemical bonds hold atoms together to form molecules. These bonds include ionic bonds (transfer of electrons), covalent bonds (sharing of electrons), and hydrogen bonds (weak attractions).

Water is a polar molecule with unique properties: cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and expansion upon freezing.

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four major classes of organic molecules in living organisms.

Cells are the fundamental units of life. There are two main types: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex, containing membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells are simpler and smaller, lacking these organelles.

Scientific inquiry involves observation, hypothesis formulation, and experimentation to test hypotheses. Controlled experiments aim to test a specific variable by manipulating it while keeping others constant.