Biology: Cellular Respiration and Aerobic Process
21 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the total ATP yield from one glucose molecule during aerobic respiration?

The total ATP yield is typically 36 to 38 ATP per glucose molecule.

Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of energy production.

Aerobic respiration produces more energy, yielding up to 38 ATP, while anaerobic respiration yields only 2 ATP per glucose molecule.

Describe the main purpose of glycolysis in cellular respiration.

The main purpose of glycolysis is to break down glucose into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH in the process.

What are the key products released from one turn of the Krebs cycle?

<p>Key products of one turn of the Krebs cycle include 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 4 CO2 molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration.

<p>The electron transport chain transfers electrons from NADH and FADH2, creating a proton gradient that facilitates ATP production and water formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

<p>Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, whereas anaerobic respiration occurs in its absence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net gain of ATP from glycolysis?

<p>The net gain of ATP from glycolysis is 2 ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the main products generated from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration.

<p>One molecule of glucose produces 6 carbon dioxide molecules, 6 water molecules, and 36–38 ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cellular location does the Krebs cycle occur?

<p>The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pyruvate in the presence of oxygen during aerobic respiration?

<p>In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted to coenzyme A and carbon dioxide before entering the Krebs cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many water molecules are required for each citric acid molecule during the Krebs cycle?

<p>Six water molecules are required for each citric acid molecule during the Krebs cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration?

<p>The electron transport chain is responsible for the majority of ATP production by transferring electrons and pumping protons to create a gradient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the first step of aerobic respiration and briefly explain its significance.

<p>The first step of aerobic respiration is glycolysis, which is significant because it begins the breakdown of glucose and produces ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of respiration in cells?

<p>The primary purpose of respiration in cells is to produce energy in the form of ATP from glucose molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic respiration?

<p>Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more ATP, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and yields less ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main stages of aerobic respiration?

<p>The main stages of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

<p>The chemical equation for aerobic respiration is $C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 36-38 ATP$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where in the cell does respiration occur?

<p>Respiration occurs in the mitochondria, which are known as the powerhouse of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in cellular respiration?

<p>Enzymes speed up the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the glycolysis process briefly.

<p>Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, generating a small amount of ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the Krebs cycle apart from ATP?

<p>The Krebs cycle produces carbon dioxide, NADH, and FADH2, which are used in the electron transport chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cellular Respiration

A series of enzyme-controlled reactions that convert glucose into energy (ATP) for the cell.

Aerobic Respiration

Cellular respiration that requires oxygen to produce energy.

Anaerobic Respiration

Cellular respiration that occurs without oxygen.

Glycolysis

The first stage of aerobic respiration, breaking glucose into two pyruvate molecules.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Krebs Cycle

A series of reactions that further break down pyruvate molecules.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Electron Transport Chain

Final stage in aerobic respiration; electrons from previous steps are used to make ATP.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ATP

Energy currency of the cell.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mitochondria

Organelle where most of aerobic cellular respiration takes place.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pyruvate

3-carbon molecule produced from glucose during glycolysis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Coenzyme A

Carrier molecule that accepts parts of pyruvate in aerobic respiration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Respiration Location

Mostly in the mitochondria.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Waste Products

Carbon Dioxide and Water.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Number of ATP

Aerobic: 36-38 per glucose; Anaerobic: less.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Glucose

Simple sugar broken down for energy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cytoplasm

Site of glycolysis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Enzyme

Protein that speeds up chemical reactions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mitochondrial Matrix

The fluid-filled space within the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Citric Acid

A four-carbon compound resulting from the Krebs cycle's first step.

Signup and view all the flashcards

3-carbon Pyruvate

Molecule formed from glucose during glycolysis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oxygen's role

Final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, creating water.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ribosomes in Mitochondria

Produce proteins needed for electron transport chain, ATP, and mitochondrial processes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Krebs Cycle Input

Two molecules of coenzyme A.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Efficiency of Anaerobic Respiration

Less efficient than aerobic respiration in producing ATP.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Respiration

  • Organisms obtain energy required to recycle Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) from glucose molecules in the process of cellular respiration.
  • Cellular respiration is a series of enzyme-controlled chemical reactions.

Aerobic Respiration

  • Aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
  • Aerobic respiration is made up of three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
  • Aerobic respiration is the process of breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen.
  • Chemical equation for aerobic respiration: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36–38 ATP)

Glycolysis

  • Occurs in the cytoplasm
  • Anaerobic (no oxygen)
  • Requires 2 ATP to activate
  • Glucose is converted to two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules.
  • Results in 4 ATP molecules forming (net gain of 2 ATP).

Forming Coenzyme A

  • If oxygen is present pyruvate enters the mitochondria's inner membranes.
  • Enzyme-activated steps of aerobic respiration occur in the mitochondrial matrix.
  • Each 3-carbon pyruvate molecule forms coenzyme A and releases CO2.
  • 1 glucose molecule forms 2 pyruvate molecules, 2 coenzyme A, and 2 carbon dioxide molecules.

Krebs Cycle

  • A series of chemical reactions that start and finish with a four-carbon molecule.
  • 2 coenzyme A molecules enter the cycle by combining with four-carbon compounds to form 2 molecules of citric acid.
  • Each step is enzyme driven and requires 6 water molecules for each citric acid molecule.
  • Releases 2 ATP molecules
  • Releases 4 carbon dioxide molecules
  • Releases 2 hydrogen ions and electrons.

Electron Transport Chain

  • Hydrogen ions formed in the Krebs cycle are released from their carriers along with high energy electrons to the electron transport chain.
  • At each step in the chain, energy is released from the electrons to form ATP.
  • At the end of the chain, low energy electrons combine with hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules to form water.
  • Produces up to 34 ATP molecules.

Total ATP Produced

  • Aerobic respiration produces 36 - 38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

Waste Products

  • Aerobic respiration produces 6 carbon dioxide molecules and 6 water molecules per glucose molecule.

Mitochondria and Ribosomes

  • Mitochondria have ribosomes because the proteins they produce are needed for the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis (cellular respiration) as well as for the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins.

Anaerobic Respiration

  • Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen.
  • Anaerobic respiration is less efficient at producing ATP compared to aerobic respiration.

What is Respiration?

  • Respiration is an enzyme-controlled series of chemical reactions that produces energy for the cell (in the form of ATP) from glucose molecules.

Where does Respiration Occur?

  • Respiration occurs in the mitochondria, the “powerhouse” of the cell.

Types of Respiration

  • The body can perform two types of respiration: aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Unit 1 Topic 1 Cells as the basis of life - Respiration 2024 PPT HBS PDF

Description

Explore the fascinating process of cellular respiration, including the stages of aerobic respiration such as glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Understand how organisms derive energy from glucose in the presence of oxygen and the chemical equations involved. Test your knowledge with this comprehensive quiz!

More Like This

Aerobic Respiration and Fermentation Quiz
30 questions

Aerobic Respiration and Fermentation Quiz

CohesiveAgate5503 avatar
CohesiveAgate5503
ATP Synthesis and Aerobic Respiration
22 questions

ATP Synthesis and Aerobic Respiration

SuccessfulGlockenspiel avatar
SuccessfulGlockenspiel
Cellular Respiration Flashcards
28 questions

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

FasterTheme avatar
FasterTheme
Cellular Respiration Overview
21 questions

Cellular Respiration Overview

IdealConnemara769 avatar
IdealConnemara769
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser