Cellular Respiration Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce energy. Anaerobic respiration doesn't require oxygen to produce energy.

What does A.T.P. stand for?

Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

What are the 3 primary stages of Cellular Respiration (in order from beginning to end)?

Glycolysis, The Krebs Cycle, The Electron Transport Chain

What is another name for the Krebs Cycle?

The Citric Acid Cycle Signup and view all the answers

Which stage(s) of Cellular Respiration can be Aerobic or Anaerobic?

The Krebs Cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for cellular respiration? Name the reactants and products.

6O2 + C6H12O6 -------> 6H2O + 6CO2 + 36-38 ATP. Reactants = oxygen, glucose; Products = water, carbon dioxide, cellular energy. Signup and view all the answers

Where does the electron transport chain take place?

In the cristae of the mitochondria. Signup and view all the answers

How much energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration?

36 - 38 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What happens in alcoholic fermentation?

Pyruvate is converted to ethanol in 2 steps, first releasing CO2. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of fermentation by yeast is used in baking and brewing?

Alcohol Fermentation Signup and view all the answers

What is Lactic Acid Fermentation?

It is pyruvate reduced to NADH, forming lactate at the end, with no release of CO2. Signup and view all the answers

How much ATP does Cellular Respiration produce compared to what fermentation produces?

Cellular Respiration produces 36-38 ATP per glucose molecule, while fermentation produces 2 ATP. Signup and view all the answers

How much ATP is produced in the Electron Transport Chain?

32 - 34 ATP Signup and view all the answers

In what industry is alcoholic fermentation used?

It's used for making alcoholic beverages. Signup and view all the answers

What does ATP do for you?

It supplies you with energy. Signup and view all the answers

In which organic life-forms does Cellular Respiration take place?

In animals Signup and view all the answers

Where does glycolysis take place?

The cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for photosynthesis (Think about the relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis)?

6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight (or light) energy ------> 6O2 + C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

What energy molecules are produced in cellular respiration?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is Cellular Respiration?

A chemical process in which we break down food into energy our cells can use. Signup and view all the answers

Also called the citric acid cycle, _____ is the middle stage.

The Krebs Cycle Signup and view all the answers

The net gain from the _____ is 2 ATP.

Krebs Cycle Signup and view all the answers

The _____ sends more electrons to NADH and then FADH2, and the pyruvic acid is converted to acetyl-CoA.

Krebs Cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration (based on their 2 equations)?

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are basically opposite processes. Signup and view all the answers

If you are running away from a lion in the jungle how long does it take to 'spend' each 'form' of energy?

ATP/PC - 10-15 sec, Glycolysis - 50-60 min, Oxidative (Fat stores) - 1 hr.+ Signup and view all the answers

During intense exercise, which process will the muscles mainly use?

Lactic Acid Fermentation Signup and view all the answers

In the yeast respiration lab, which set-up produced more Carbon Dioxide? Why?

The 'Sugar' set-up produced more Carbon Dioxide because the sugar molecules help produce more ATP. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best form of exercise that will help you lose weight? Why?

If you do more than an hour of moderate cardio-exercise, you begin to burn through your fat stores. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cellular Respiration Overview

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen; anaerobic respiration does not.
Cellular respiration occurs in three primary stages: glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and the electron transport chain.
ATP stands for Adenosine Tri-Phosphate, the energy currency of cells.

Processes and Reactions

The Krebs Cycle is also known as the Citric Acid Cycle and can occur under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
The general formula for cellular respiration:
- 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + 36-38 ATP
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, while the electron transport chain takes place in the cristae of mitochondria.

Fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation converts pyruvate to ethanol in a two-step process, releasing CO2.
Lactic Acid Fermentation reduces pyruvate to NADH, forming lactate without CO2 release.
Alcoholic fermentation is utilized in baking and brewing industries.

Energy Production

Cellular respiration produces significantly more ATP (36-38 ATP) compared to fermentation (2 ATP).
The electron transport chain yields 32-34 ATP.
Cellular respiration is critical for energy supply, especially in animals.

Comparative Biology

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interdependent processes with equations that are essentially opposites.
The reactants of photosynthesis mirror the products of cellular respiration.

Energy Utilization

Different forms of energy are used during physical activities:
- ATP/PC: used for 10-15 seconds
- Glycolysis: utilized for 50-60 minutes
- Oxidative (fat stores): used after 1 hour or more of exercise.
During intense exercise, muscles primarily rely on lactic acid fermentation.

Practical Applications

The presence of sugar increases CO2 production in yeast respiration, as it enhances ATP generation.
Engaging in over an hour of moderate cardio exercise effectively taps into fat stores, aiding in weight loss.

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Description

This study set contains essential flashcards that cover key concepts related to cellular respiration, including differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, the meaning of A.T.P., and the stages involved in cellular respiration. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of this vital biological process.