Biological Macromolecules Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the four major classes of biological macromolecules?

  • Proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, and lipids
  • Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (correct)
  • Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and vitamins
  • Lipids, proteins, nucleotides, and carbohydrates

What is the byproduct of the dehydration synthesis reaction when monomers combine to form polymers?

  • Oxygen gas
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Water molecules (correct)
  • Nitrogen gas

What type of bonds do monomers form with each other to create polymers?

  • Covalent bonds (correct)
  • Ionic bonds
  • Polar covalent bonds
  • Hydrogen bonds

What elements are biological macromolecules bound to, in addition to carbon and hydrogen?

<p>Oxygen, nitrogen, and minor elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'dehydration synthesis' mean?

<p>To put together while losing water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stoichiometric formula for carbohydrates?

<p>(CH2O)n (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In carbohydrate molecules, what is the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen?

<p>1:2:1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three subtypes into which scientists classify carbohydrates?

<p>Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In aqueous solutions, in what form do monosaccharides usually exist?

<p>Ring-shaped molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Around the anomeric carbon in the ring form of glucose, how many different hydroxyl group arrangements can exist?

<p>Two (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biological Macromolecules

  • Four major classes: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.

Dehydration Synthesis

  • Byproduct is water (H2O) during the combination of monomers to form polymers.
  • Involves the removal of a hydroxyl group from one monomer and a hydrogen atom from another.

Bonding in Polymers

  • Monomers form covalent bonds with each other to create polymers.

Composition of Biological Macromolecules

  • Biological macromolecules are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus.

Definition of Dehydration Synthesis

  • A biochemical process where monomers combine, releasing water and forming polymer chains.

Carbohydrates

  • Stoichiometric formula: (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbon atoms.
  • Ratio in carbohydrate molecules: 1:2:1 (one carbon to two hydrogens to one oxygen).

Classification of Carbohydrates

  • Classified into three subtypes: monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides in Aqueous Solutions

  • In aqueous solutions, monosaccharides typically exist in cyclic forms.

Hydroxyl Group Arrangements in Glucose

  • Around the anomeric carbon in glucose, two different hydroxyl group arrangements can occur (α and β configurations).

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Description

Test your knowledge of biological macromolecules with this quiz! Challenge yourself to identify the four major classes - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids - and understand their roles in living organisms. Whether you're a biology student or simply interested in understanding the building blocks of life, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of these essential molecules.

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