Biochemistry Practical Manual Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is required to be worn at all times in the laboratory?

  • Headgear
  • Laboratory coats (correct)
  • Safety goggles
  • Gloves

    • Which of the following actions is prohibited in the laboratory?

  • Recording data
  • Using clean containers
  • Wearing laboratory coats
  • Eating and drinking (correct)

    • What should you do if pouring acid or alkali into the sink?

  • Dilute it while letting the water run freely (correct)
  • Wait until the end of the experiment
  • Pour it directly without dilution
  • Dispose of it in the waste bin

    • What is necessary before leaving the laboratory?

    <p>Showing completed work to the demonstrator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to label test tubes?

    <p>Using an indelible marker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pipettes should be used for transferring solutions?

    <p>Pasteur pipettes or autopipettes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should data observations be documented during practical classes?

    <p>Directly into the practical manual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you need to collect reagents, what should you bring?

    <p>Suitable sized clean dry labelled containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of monosaccharides in cells?

    <p>To serve as energy sources during cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a disaccharide?

    <p>Two sugar units bonded together by a glycosidic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is the primary form of sugar stored in the human body?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond connects monosaccharides in polysaccharides?

    <p>Glycosidic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the precursor molecule for steroid hormones?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate is primarily found in fruits?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What storage form of glucose is primarily found in plants?

    <p>Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glycogen in the human body?

    <p>Store excess glucose for energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of starch in plants?

    <p>To store glucose for later use as energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do humans digest starch?

    <p>By hydrolyzing it with amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between starch and glycogen?

    <p>Starch is stored in plants, while glycogen is stored in animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following polysaccharides cannot be digested by humans?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do certain bacteria play in the digestive tract of some animals?

    <p>They assist in digesting cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sugars is NOT a reducing sugar?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding cellulose?

    <p>Cellulose is a structural component of plant cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes glycogen?

    <p>It is a branched chain of glucose units stored in the liver and muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four biological macromolecules identified in the study of biochemistry?

    <p>Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which base units are commonly used in the metric system?

    <p>Metre, gram, litre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of SI prefixes in the metric system?

    <p>To reduce the number of zeros shown in numerical quantities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the metric system come into existence?

    <p>The French National Assembly commissioned its design to avoid confusion in measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'nano-' represent in the SI metric system?

    <p>One billionth of a unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conversions reflects the use of scientific notation?

    <p>0.00001 meters = 1 x 10^-5 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of scientific measurement did the metric system primarily address?

    <p>Standardization to ensure universal comprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key skill is essential for understanding units in biochemistry?

    <p>Proficiency in converting between different units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the number 100 represented in scientific notation?

    <p>1 x 10^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative exponent in scientific notation indicate?

    <p>The decimal is moved to the left</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct scientific notation for the number 82057?

    <p>8.2057 x 10^4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When multiplying two numbers in scientific notation, what happens to the exponents?

    <p>They are added</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly represents the number 0.00006 using scientific notation?

    <p>6.0 x 10^-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of dividing 10^5 by 10^3?

    <p>10^2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the number 0.000934 expressed in scientific notation?

    <p>9.34 x 10^-4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientific notation for the diameter of a red blood cell, which is 6.5 x 10^-3 cm?

    <p>6.5 x 10^-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you accidentally draw liquid into the barrel of the pipette?

    <p>Seek assistance to clean the barrel before further use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be ensured when fitting a disposable tip on a pipette?

    <p>The correct type of tip must be used for the pipette model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the pipette be held while drawing up liquid?

    <p>Vertically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of pressing the plunger past the first point of resistance?

    <p>You will draw up additional liquid inadvertently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct procedure for disposing of a used pipette tip?

    <p>Eject it into a designated yellow sharps container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before starting any experiment with the pipette?

    <p>Calibrate the pipette to ensure accuracy and precision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if you withdraw the pipette tip from the liquid too quickly?

    <p>You risk introducing air bubbles into the liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the end of the pipette tip be placed when delivering the liquid?

    <p>At a slight angle against the wall of a vessel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biochemistry Practical Manual

    • Attendance: Practical classes are compulsory for BO101 Biology. Pre-practical talks are held in the teaching lab before each practical. Students must email a medical certificate to [email protected] if they are unable to attend.

    • Presentation of Work: The practical manual must be completed and all observations recorded directly in it. All calculations must also be completed in the manual. The completed workbook must be shown to the demonstrator before leaving.

    • Assessment: Practical classes are part of the Biology BO101 end-of-semester exam.

    Laboratory Rules

    • Lab Coats: Wear a buttoned-up lab coat at all times in the laboratory.

    • Food and Drink: Eating and drinking are prohibited in the lab.

    • Handwashing: Wash hands frequently, especially before and after leaving the lab.

    • Waste Disposal: Do not dispose of solids in sinks. Use appropriate waste bins.

    • Acid/Alkali Disposal: When pouring acids or alkalis into sinks, run the water to dilute the chemical before discarding.

    • Reagent Handling: Share reagents responsibly, using only the amount needed. Label test tubes with an indelible marker.

    • Test Tube Sealing: Use parafilm to seal test tubes to prevent spilling when mixing solutions.

    • Pipetting: Do not pipette solutions by mouth. Use Pasteur pipettes or autopipettes.

    • Glassware Return: Return glassware to designated collection boxes after use.

    • Personal Belongings: Store personal belongings in lockers, not in the teaching laboratory.

    • Accidents: Report all accidents, no matter how minor, to the class supervisor.

    Fire Safety

    • Location: Locate fire extinguishers, fire blankets, and first-aid kits.

    • Inflammables: Immediately clean up spilled volatile solvents and flush with plenty of water.

    • Small Fires: Smother small fires involving organic solvents with a fire blanket or a coat.

    • Major Fires: Use a CO2 extinguisher or asbestos blanket for larger fires.

    • Avoid Water: Do not use water on organic solvent fires.

    • Building Exit: Know the location of all exits and assemble at the designated Fire Assembly Point.

    Poisons and Corrosives

    • Handling: Handle all chemicals, including those labeled as potentially poisonous or corrosive, with utmost care.

    • Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses when handling corrosive chemicals.

    • Skin Contact: Rinse areas of skin that come into contact with corrosive chemicals immediately with water and contact a supervisor.

    Boiling Water Baths

    • Assistance: Seek assistance from a demonstrator when placing or removing test tubes.

    Glassware Handling

    • Care: Handle glassware with care, using brushes and pans to deal with broken glass.

    • Disposal: Dispose of broken glass in the designated sharps container.

    Biochemistry Practical

    • Schedule: Detailed timetable providing the dates for each lab session (Lab 1: Oct 2nd-4th; Lab 2: Oct 9th-11th; Lab 3: Oct 16th-18th)

    Introduction

    • Purpose: Biochemistry is the study of the chemical basis of life, focusing on the molecules and reactions of cells.

    • Key Concepts: There are four major classes of biological molecules: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. These are primarily made up of C, H, O, N, P, and S.

    • Learning Objectives: Learn to name the four biological macromolecules, test for lipids, proteins, simple and complex sugars, and isolate DNA.

    Scientific Notation

    • Purpose: A concise method for representing very large and small numbers, commonly used in science.

    • Format: A coefficient multiplied by a power of 10 (e.g., 6.5 x 10⁻³).

    Lab 1: Making Solutions, pH and Autopipettes

    • Solutions: Methods for making percentage and molar solutions are outlined.

    • Dilutions: The procedure for making dilutions is included (e.g. 1:5 dilution).

    Lab 2: Proteins And Nucleic Acids

    • Protein Structure: Proteins are composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, with primary, secondary, tertiary, and potentially quaternary structures.

    • Protein Assays: Commonly used methods such as the Biuret Assay, Lowry Method and Bradford Assay are described.

    • Nucleic Acids: An introduction to the structure and function of nucleic acids (DNA, and RNA) including nucleotide monomers.

    Lab 3: Lipids and Carbohydrates

    • Lipids: Lipids, such as fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids, are hydrophobic molecules, with details on their structure and roles in the body.

    • Carbohydrates: Different types of carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides) are described. Glucose, fructose, and Sucrose are examples.

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    BO101 Lab Manual 2024-25 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential guidelines and rules for the Biochemistry practical classes in Biology BO101. It includes information about attendance, assessment, laboratory conduct, and proper waste disposal procedures. Understanding these protocols is critical for successfully navigating the practical components of the course.

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