40 Questions
Where does glycolysis take place?
Cytosol
What is the substrate in the glycolytic pathway?
Glucose
What is the enzyme involved in the first step of glycolysis?
Hexokinase / Glucokinase
What is the rate-limiting step in glycolysis?
Step 3: Phosphorylation of F6P
How many substrate-level phosphorylation reactions occur in glycolysis?
2
How many ATP molecules are produced in the glycolytic pathway?
2
Which enzyme is involved in the final step of glycolysis?
Pyruvate kinase
What is the timing of glycolysis in the fed state?
Fed state
What is the result of the isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)?
2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P)
What is the product of the oxidation of 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P)?
2 molecules of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3 BPG) and 2 NADH
What is the role of the cysteine residue in the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase?
To form a high-energy thioester bond
What is the result of the oxidation of the aldehyde group of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P)?
Formation of an enzyme-bound carboxyl group
What is the role of NAD+ in the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P)?
To transfer electrons to form NADH
What is the enzyme responsible for the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P)?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
How many molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P) are required to produce 2 molecules of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3 BPG)?
2 molecules
What is the product of the isomerization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P)?
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)
Which enzyme is responsible for the substrate-level phosphorylation of PEP to Pyruvate?
Pyruvate Kinase
Which reaction produces a high-energy phosphate bond?
Step 6: Oxidation of GA3P to 1,3BPG
What is the result of a deficiency of Pyruvate Kinase?
Hemolytic anemia
Which step is an example of substrate-level phosphorylation?
Step 10: Phosphorylation of PEP to Pyruvate
Which enzyme is responsible for the oxidation of Hexoses?
Hexokinase
Which step utilizes ATP to ADP?
Step 1 and 3
Which reaction is reversible?
Step 9: Dehydration of 2-PG to PEP
Which step produces NADH?
Step 6: Oxidation of GA3P to 1,3BPG
Where does the malate-aspartate shuttle occur?
Liver and heart
What is the ATP equivalence of 1 FADH2?
1.5 ATP
What is the product of the glycerophosphate shuttle?
2 FADH2
What is the defect in Essential Fructosuria?
Fructokinase deficiency
Where does the glycerophosphate shuttle occur?
Brain and skeletal muscle
What is the ATP equivalence of 1 NADH?
2.5 ATP
What is the defect in Hereditary Fructose Intolerance?
Fructose 1,6-BP cleavage by aldolase B deficiency
What is the enzyme deficiency that leads to Hemolytic Anemia?
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
What is the product of hexokinase acting on galactose?
Mannose 6-Phosphate
What is the end product of glycolysis in the absence of oxygen?
Lactate
Which GLUT transporter is insulin-dependent?
GLUT IV
Which step in glycolysis has an irreversible reaction?
Step 2
What is a product of glycolysis?
H2O
What is the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
What happens to Mannose 6-Phosphate in glycolysis?
It is converted to Fructose 6-Phosphate
What is the next step after Fructose 6-Phosphate in glycolysis?
Fructose 6-Phosphate enters glycolysis
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