42 Questions
What is the result of conjugation of unconjugated bilirubin with glucuronic acid?
Conversion to a hydrophilic molecule
What is the name of the pathway that occurs during the fed-state?
All of the above
How many molecules of glucose are required to produce 6 moles of NADPH?
3 molecules
What is the product of the non-oxidative phase of the HMP shunt?
Fructose-6-phosphate
What is the number of moles of NADPH produced from one molecule of glucose?
2 moles
What is the reactant in the HMP shunt that is used to produce NADPH?
Glucose-6-phosphate
What is the name of the first phase of the HMP shunt?
Oxidative phase
What is the product of the oxidative phase of the HMP shunt?
NADPH
What is the reactant in the third reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
6-phosphogluconate
What is the enzyme involved in the third reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
What is the product of the third reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
Ribulose 5-phosphate
What is the cofactor involved in the third reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
Mg2+
What is the reactant in the seventh reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
Erythrose 4-phosphate
What is the enzyme involved in the seventh reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
Transketolase
What is the product of the seventh reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
Fructose 6-phosphate
What is the cofactor involved in the seventh reaction of the HMP/Uronic Acid Pathway?
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
What is the role of activated sugars?
They act as precursors of glycogen, galactose, and lactose
What is the name of the pathway that produces NADPH and pentoses?
HMP Shunt
What is the name of the enzyme involved in the HMP Shunt pathway?
Transketolase and Transaldolase
What is the function of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase?
It is involved in the HMP Shunt pathway
What is the storage form of glucose?
Glycogen
What is the epimer of glucose at carbon 4?
Galactose
What is the disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose?
Lactose
What is the abbreviation for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate?
NADP
What is the end product of the oxidative reaction in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
F 6-P and E 4-P
What is the co-factor required for the transketolase enzyme?
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
What is the function of transaldolase in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
Transferring 3 carbons, including the ketose group
What is the direction of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway when both NADPH and glucose-6-phosphate are highly active?
Toward oxidative reaction
What is the reaction that does not use transketolase and transaldolase?
Oxidative reaction
What is the product of the non-oxidative reaction in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
F 6-P and GAD 3-P
What is the enzyme that breaks an aldol linkage from Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate?
Transaldolase
What is the role of transketolase in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?
Transferring 2 carbons
What is the effect of increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin?
It can cross the blood brain barrier
What is the purpose of phototherapy in treating bilirubin levels?
To enhance the excretion of bilirubin
What is the wavelength of light used in phototherapy?
Between 425 and 475 nm
What is the role of ribulose-5-phosphate in glucose metabolism?
It is converted to ribose-5-phosphate
What is the substrate for glycosyltransferase reactions?
UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose
What is the product of the reaction between UDP-galactose and glucose?
Lactose
What is the characteristic of oxidative reactions in the HMP shunt?
They generate NADPH
What is the function of the non-oxidative reactions in the HMP shunt?
They convert 5-carbon sugars to fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
What determines whether the cell uses oxidative or non-oxidative reactions in the HMP shunt?
The needs of the cell
What is the correct statement about the reversibility of reactions in the HMP shunt?
Both oxidative and non-oxidative reactions are reversible
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
