Questions and Answers
What is the amino acid classification chart?
Amino Acid Classification Chart
Which is the only amino acid with a secondary amine?
Proline
Which is the only amino acid that is achiral?
Glycine
Which is the only amino acid that is technically an imino acid?
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Which amino acids are acidic?
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Which amino acids have amide side chains?
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Which amino acids are basic?
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Which are branched amino acids?
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What are amino acids considered in terms of charge?
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What is the acronym for essential amino acids?
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What is the acronym for non-essential amino acids?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter A?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter R?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter N?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter D?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter C?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter E?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter Q?
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Why is Tyrosine a conditional essential amino acid?
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Who is ketogenic?
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Who is glucogenic?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter G?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter H?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter I?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter L?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter K?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter M?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter F?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter P?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter S?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter T?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter W?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter Y?
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What amino acid corresponds to the letter V?
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Study Notes
Amino Acid Classification
- Amino acids can be classified based on their side chains as acidic, basic, non-polar, polar, and aromatic.
- Acidic amino acids: Aspartate and Glutamate.
Unique Amino Acid Characteristics
- Proline is the only amino acid with a secondary amine structure.
- Glycine is the only achiral amino acid, making it unique among the standard amino acids.
- Proline is classified as an imino acid due to its structure, containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
Side Chain Classification
- Amide side chains are found in Asparagine and Glutamine.
- Basic amino acids include Arginine, Lysine, and Histidine, remembered through mnemonics linked to "Randy Keith Horton."
Branched Amino Acids
- Leucine, Isoleucine, and Valine are recognized as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs).
Zwitterionic Nature
- Amino acids exist as zwitterions, meaning they have both positive and negative charges at physiological pH.
Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids
- Essential amino acids can be remembered with the acronym: V, MILK FTW.
- Non-essential amino acids can be remembered with the acronym: NDS ARE GQ PSYCHE.
Individual Amino Acids and Functions
- Alanine (A) serves as a key amino acid in protein metabolism.
- Arginine (R) plays a role in the urea cycle and as a precursor to nitric oxide.
- Asparagine (N) is important for protein synthesis and nitrogen transport.
- Aspartic Acid (D) is crucial for removing ammonia, providing neuroprotection.
- Cysteine (C) is vital for disulfide bond formation in proteins.
- Glutamic Acid (E) functions as an excitatory neurotransmitter.
- Glutamine (Q) is involved in nitrogen metabolism and protein synthesis.
- Tyrosine (Y) is conditionally essential for individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU).
Ketogenic and Glucogenic Amino Acids
- Certain amino acids like Lysine and Leucine are ketogenic, meaning they can be converted into ketone bodies.
- Others, such as those in the "Information Technology Freeway" mnemonic, are glucogenic, contributing to glucose synthesis.
Miscellaneous Amino Acids
- Glycine (G) plays a role in neurotransmission and a precursor for several bioactive compounds.
- Histidine (H) is essential for growth and tissue repair, and is a precursor for histamine.
- Isoleucine (I), Leucine (L), Lysine (K), Methionine (M), Phenylalanine (F), Proline (P), Serine (S), Threonine (T), Tryptophan (W), and Valine (V) each have unique roles in metabolism and protein synthesis.
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Description
Test your knowledge of amino acids with these flashcards covering classifications, unique properties, and specific characteristics. Perfect for students studying biochemistry and molecular biology, this quiz will help reinforce key concepts related to amino acids.
