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BIO 1010 Lab 5: Angiosperms - Flowers, Fruits & Seeds
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BIO 1010 Lab 5: Angiosperms - Flowers, Fruits & Seeds

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Questions and Answers

What is the largest Phylum that flowering plants belong to?

  • Coniferophyta
  • Spermatophyta
  • Anthophyta (correct)
  • Pteridophyta

    • In angiosperms, which gametophyte is wholly enclosed within and dependent on the sporophyte?

  • Neither male nor female gametophyte
  • Male gametophyte
  • Both male and female gametophytes
  • Female gametophyte (correct)

    • What distinguishes monocots from eudicots in terms of seeds?

  • Method of pollination
  • Number of cotyledons (correct)
  • Presence of endosperm
  • Seed coat thickness

    • Where do microspores released in angiosperms go to become mature male gametophytes?

    <p>Pollen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the development of fruits from flowers in angiosperms?

    <p>Fruition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a flower with both male and female reproductive parts?

    <p>Perfect flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the relationship between the ovary and the other flower parts in a perigynous flower?

    <p>The ovary is surrounded by the other flower parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cup-shaped or tubular structure formed by the conjoined sepals, petals, and stamens in some flowers?

    <p>Hypanthium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct flower formula for the Hibiscus flower?

    <p>3, 3, 6, (3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the arrangement of flower heads or clusters in an inflorescence?

    <p>Flower inflorescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the term used to describe the innermost layer of the fruit, surrounding the seed(s)?

    <p>Endocarp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Eudicots and Monocots in terms of the number of cotyledons?

    <p>Eudicots have two cotyledons, while Monocots have one cotyledon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Eudicots?

    <p>Flower parts in multiples of three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Monocots from Eudicots in terms of their vascular cambium and cork cambium?

    <p>Monocots have both vascular cambium and cork cambium present, while Eudicots lack both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which floral part is responsible for producing pollen grains with one aperture?

    <p>Anther</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of veins do leaves of Monocots typically have?

    <p>Parallel primary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main learning objectives of studying angiosperms in the lab?

    <p>Recognize floral formula, locate pollen and ovules, understand monocot vs eudicot characteristics, follow fruit development, and learn fruit terminology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest phylum to which flowering plants belong?

    <p>Phylum Anthophyta (Magnoliophyta)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are female gametophytes situated in angiosperms?

    <p>Wholly enclosed within and dependent on sporophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to microspores in angiosperms following pollination?

    <p>Microspores are released to become mature male gametophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes monocots from eudicots in terms of seed characteristics?

    <p>Monocots have one cotyledon while eudicots have two cotyledons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe a flower with only either male or female reproductive parts?

    <p>Imperfect Flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a flower, what is the part that contains the swollen stigma and the anthers?

    <p>Pistil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the type of flower that has both male and female reproductive parts.

    <p>Perfect Flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the cup-shaped or tubular structure formed by the conjoined sepals, petals, and stamens in some flowers?

    <p>Hypanthium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of flower has a superior ovary?

    <p>Hypogynous Flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the arrangement of flower heads or clusters?

    <p>Inflorescences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Eudicots and Monocots in terms of flower parts?

    <p>Eudicots have flower parts in multiples of four or five, while Monocots have flower parts in multiples of three.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of veins do leaves of Monocots typically have?

    <p>Monocots have leaves with parallel primary veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Eudicots from Monocots in terms of vascular cambium and cork cambium?

    <p>Eudicots have vascular cambium and cork cambium present, while Monocots have vascular cambium and cork cambium absent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many apertures do pollen grains of Monocots typically have?

    <p>Pollen grains of Monocots typically have one aperture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What floral part is responsible for producing pollen grains with one aperture?

    <p>The stamen is responsible for producing pollen grains with one aperture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which floral part consists of a single carpel or two or more fused carpels?

    <p>The pistil consists of a single carpel or two or more fused carpels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of Eudicots in terms of vascular bundles in the stem?

    <p>Vascular bundles in a ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of veins are typically found in the leaves of Monocots?

    <p>Parallel primary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Monocots when it comes to the number of cotyledons?

    <p>One cotyledon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of pollen grain structure, what distinguishes Monocots from Eudicots?

    <p>Pollen grains with one aperture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which floral part is responsible for producing two sperm cells per pollen grain?

    <p>Anther</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the flower parts of Monocots and Eudicots?

    <p>Flower parts in multiples of four or five</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Monocots and Eudicots in terms of the structure of their seeds?

    <p>Monocots have seeds with a single cotyledon, while Eudicots have seeds with two cotyledons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Monocots from Eudicots in terms of their vascular cambium and cork cambium?

    <p>Monocots lack vascular cambium and cork cambium, while Eudicots possess both.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are microspores released in angiosperms located after pollination?

    <p>Microspores are released into the ovules after pollination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the arrangement of flower heads or clusters in an inflorescence?

    <p>Panicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are female gametophytes situated in angiosperms?

    <p>Female gametophytes are wholly enclosed within and dependent on the sporophyte in angiosperms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the collective term for the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp of a fruit?

    <p>Pericarp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a flower with a perigynous ovary, where is the ovary located in relation to the other floral parts?

    <p>At the center, surrounded by the other floral parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an imperfect flower?

    <p>Squash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a flower with both male and female reproductive parts?

    <p>Perfect flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a flower formula?

    <p>A numerical representation of the number of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a composite flower?

    <p>A flower composed of ray and disc flowers in one flower head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following plant groups with their reproductive structures:

    <p>Angiosperms = Produce flowers and ovaries Gymnosperms = Produce seeds entirely exposed or on seed cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Heterosporous = Producing two different kinds of spores Dioecious = Having separate male and female reproductive organs on different individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pollinators with the plant groups they transfer pollen for:

    <p>Wind = Main vector for pollination in gymnosperms Birds, bats, butterflies, mice, possums, ants, water = Transfer pollen for various angiosperms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following plant parts with their post-pollination developments:

    <p>Embryo sac (megagametophyte) = Fertilized to form zygote Ovary and related structures = Mature into a fruit after fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following seed components with their developments:

    <p>Zygote = Develops into an embryonic sporophyte Integuments of the ovule = Become the seed coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fruit characteristics with their descriptions:

    <p>Several ovules inside an ovary = Resulting fruit holds several seeds Ovary develops into a fruit = Holds several seeds after fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Calyx = Outermost whorl of flowers made up of sepals Receptacle = Central base to which all flower whorls are attached Embryo = Zygote that grows within the seed Ovary = Part of the flower that develops into the fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following actions with their occurrences in the flower life cycle:

    <p>Meiosis = To produce megaspores and microspores Fertilization = Occurs in the flower between gametes Embryo development = Occurs within the seed Fruit development = From the ovary, which is part of the flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with their respective plant types:

    <p>Monocots = Typically have one cotyledon in seeds Eudicots = General characteristics can distinguish them from monocots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following learning objectives with their outcomes:

    <p>Recognize terms and floral formula usage = Understand flower descriptions Locate pollen and ovules in flowers = Identify reproductive structures in different flower types Follow flower to fruit development = Understand how ovules develop into seeds and ovaries into fruit Familiarize with fleshy and dry fruits terms = Learn descriptions of different fruit types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of a flower with their functions:

    <p>Sepals = Protect the flower while in bud and support petals after blooming Ovary = Develops into the fruit, housing the seed Receptacle = Central base to which all flower whorls are attached Embryo = Zygote that grows into a new plant within the seed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following plant parts/functions with their corresponding roles:

    <p>Calyx and receptacle = Form outer protective layers of flowers and central attachment point for whorls Embryo and ovary = Develop within the seed and from part of the flower Meiosis and fertilization = Produce spores, gametes, and allow for genetic recombination Fruit development and embryo growth = From ovary, part of flower, and zygote growth within seed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following floral parts with their descriptions:

    <p>Stamens = Male parts of the flower, consisting of an anther and a filament Pistil = Female parts of the flower, including stigma, style, and ovary Corolla = Whorl made up of colorful and attractive petals Ovary = Part of the flower that contains ovules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Carpel = Chamber in the ovary of a flower Compound Ovary = Ovary made up of 2 or more fused carpels Simple Ovary = Ovary composed of only 1 carpel Ovule = Structure within the ovary that develops into a seed after fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics with their descriptions:

    <p>Perigynous Ovary = Ovary positioned above other floral parts Superior Ovary = Ovary located below other floral parts Fused Carpels = Carpels in the ovary that are joined together Aperture on Pollen Grain = Opening through which pollen tube emerges during pollination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their roles in reproduction:

    <p>Petals = Modified to attract pollinators to the flower Anther = Contains microsporangia that produce pollen grains Stigma = Receives pollen grains during pollination Filament = Supports the anther in the stamen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following statements with their correct terms:

    <p>Whorl = Set of flower parts attached at the same level on the stem Carpels = Female reproductive organ that includes stigma, style, and ovary Microsporangia = Structures within the anther that produce microspores Ovules = Structure within the ovary that develops into seeds after fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their floral positions:

    <p>Outermost Whorl = Corolla composed of colorful petals Male Parts Whorl = Stamens consisting of anther and filament Innermost Whorl = Pistil including stigma, style, and ovary Compound Ovary Position = Ovary made up of fused carpels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following floral parts with their descriptions:

    <p>Receptacle = The base of the flower where all parts are attached Stamen = Male reproductive organ consisting of filament and anther Pistil = Female reproductive organ consisting of stigma, style, and ovary Sepal = Outermost protective leaf-like structure of the flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their meanings in floral formula notation:

    <p>Parentheses ( ) = Indicates fusion of parts within a whorl Brackets [ ] = Indicates fusion of parts from neighboring whorls Zero = Indicates absence of a particular whorl in the flower Number = Represents the count of parts in a specific whorl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following flower parts with their functions:

    <p>Anther = Produces pollen grains containing male gametes Stigma = Receives pollen grains during pollination Ovary = Contains ovules which develop into seeds after fertilization Filament = Supports the anther in the stamen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following flower parts with their structures:

    <p>Petal = Colorful, often scented part of the flower to attract pollinators Style = Connects the stigma to the ovary in the pistil Ovary = Base of the pistil containing ovules Anther = Contains pollen sacs that release pollen grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their meanings in flower dissection:

    <p>Dissect = Carefully separate and examine parts of a flower Identify = Recognize and name different structures within a flower Sketch = Draw a rough representation of the dissected flower Label = Add names or descriptions to different parts of the flower sketch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following floral parts with their examples:

    <p>Sepal = Green leaf-like structures at the base of a flower Petals = Colorful, often fragrant structures surrounding reproductive parts Stamen = Male part of the flower producing pollen grains Carpel = Female reproductive organ containing ovules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fruit pericarp layers with their descriptions:

    <p>Exocarp = Outermost, skin-like layer Endocarp = Innermost layer containing the seed(s) Mesocarp = Layer in between exocarp and endocarp Pericarp = Mature outer ovary wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fruit categories with their characteristics:

    <p>Fleshy fruits = Maintain soft, 'squishy' mesocarps at maturity Dry fruits = Develop a dry, often hard or brittle pericarp Stone-like endocarp = Hard and stone-like endocarp like an olive pit Papery endocarp = Thick and papery endocarp like an apple core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following flower parts with their functions:

    <p>Pollen grains with one aperture = Produced by the anther Swollen stigma and anthers = Part of the gynoecium in a flower Single carpel or fused carpels = Consists of the pistil Flower with male and female parts = Bisexual or perfect flower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Vascular cambium and cork cambium = Distinguishing feature between monocots and eudicots Seed characteristics = Differentiate monocots from eudicots Inflorescence arrangement = Describes how flower heads or clusters are positioned Fruit development term = Process of fruits forming from flowers in angiosperms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Superior ovary = Type of ovary position in relation to floral parts Hibiscus flower formula = Correct representation of hibiscus flower parts Angiosperm learning objectives = Main goals of studying angiosperms in lab Cup-shaped structure in flowers = Formed by conjoined sepals, petals, and stamens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following leaf veins with their typical presence in monocots:

    <p>Parallel veins = Typical in monocot leaves Netted veins = Typical in dicot leaves Microspores location after pollination = Where microspores are situated post-pollination Phylum of flowering plants = Largest group to which flowering plants belong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost whorl of a flower?

    <p>Corolla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the male part of the flower made up of?

    <p>Stamens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innermost whorl of a flower composed of?

    <p>Pistil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an ovary classified as simple or compound?

    <p>Based on the number of carpels it contains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you identify fused carpels in a flower?

    <p>By looking for fused stigmas or fused ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the position of the ovary in relation to other flower parts?

    <p>Ovary position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a flower with both male and female reproductive parts?

    <p>Perfect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of flower has a superior ovary?

    <p>Superior ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a radially symmetrical flower described?

    <p>Regular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a flower with only either male or female reproductive parts?

    <p>Imperfect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the collective term for the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp of a fruit?

    <p>Pericarp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to microspores in angiosperms following pollination?

    <p>Develop into pollen grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of florets found in composite flowers?

    <p>Ray florets and disc florets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can monocots and eudicots be distinguished?

    <p>By the number of cotyledons in the seeds, leaf venation, and number of floral parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ovules in the ovary?

    <p>Each ovule will produce one functional megaspore, which will develop into the megagametophyte.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of monocots and eudicots in terms of seeds?

    <p>Monocots have one cotyledon while eudicots have two cotyledons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you determine if a flower is a monocot or a eudicot?

    <p>By looking at leaves, petals, and sepals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of floral parts found in composite flowers?

    <p>Ray florets and disc florets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three layers that the mature pericarp of most fruits can be divided into?

    <p>exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are fleshy fruits categorized based on the characteristics of their mesocarps?

    <p>soft and squishy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are dry fruits characterized by in terms of their pericarp?

    <p>dry, hard, or brittle pericarp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the characteristics of the endocarp in fruits.

    <p>hard and stone-like or thick and papery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fleshy and dry fruits in terms of their mesocarps?

    <p>Fleshy fruits have soft mesocarps, while dry fruits have hard or brittle mesocarps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are fruits categorized based on the number of flowers and carpels involved in their production?

    <p>into three main categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the major categories of fleshy fruits.

    <p>Drupe, Berry, Pome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fleshy fruits becoming sweet or tasty in many species?

    <p>To lure animals into eating the fruit and distributing the seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the characteristics of dry fruits at maturity.

    <p>They develop a hard, brittle pericarp with low water content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are dry fruits dispersed?

    <p>They rely on various means like being carried on fur, feathers, wind, or water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between dehiscent and indehiscent fruits in terms of dry fruits?

    <p>Dry fruits can be commonly dehiscent or indehiscent, while fleshy fruits are almost always indehiscent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the significance of the pericarp in fleshy fruits.

    <p>Fleshy fruits maintain a soft, spongy pericarp with higher water content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the ovary in a lily (#2) flower?

    <p>Superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of floret in a daisy flower has reduced petals?

    <p>Disc florets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is fusion within a whorl represented in a floral formula?

    <p>Parentheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many embryonic leaves (cotyledons) do eudicot plants typically have in their seeds?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a zero represent in a floral formula?

    <p>Absence of a whorl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the floral formula for a flower with 4 sepals, 4 petals, 8 stamens, and 4 fused carpels, what does the number in parentheses represent?

    <p>Number of fused carpels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of flower venation is typical of monocots?

    <p>Parallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flower (#1, #2, or #3) is likely a monocot based on the information provided?

    <p>Cannot be determined from the information given</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What punctuation is used to indicate fusion of neighboring whorls in a floral formula?

    <p>Square brackets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ovules in the ovary of an angiosperm flower?

    <p>To develop into the megagametophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the endosperm in double fertilization?

    <p>Fuses with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the flower produces megaspores?

    <p>Ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In angiosperms, where does double fertilization occur?

    <p>Embryo sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the angiosperm tissue that serves a function similar to the gymnosperm endosperm?

    <p>Pericarp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ovule mature into after fertilization in angiosperms?

    <p>Seed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flower part produces microspores and microgametophytes?

    <p>Anther</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms?

    <p>Angiosperms produce flowers and fruits, while gymnosperms do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of pollinators in angiosperms?

    <p>To transfer pollen from one flower to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ovary in a flower?

    <p>To develop into a fruit after fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a flower with both male and female reproductive parts?

    <p>Hermaphrodite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What develops from the zygote in an angiosperm seed?

    <p>The embryonic sporophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the seed coat in an angiosperm seed?

    <p>To protect the embryonic sporophyte.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes a follicle from other types of dry fruits?

    <p>It has a single carpel that splits down one seam at maturity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dry fruits does NOT split open at maturity?

    <p>Nut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of a caryopsis?

    <p>Its fruit wall is fused to the seed coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dry fruit is characterized by having a single seed loosely attached to the fruit wall?

    <p>Achene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of a samara?

    <p>It is a winged achene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a dry fruit that splits open along two or more seams at maturity?

    <p>Capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

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