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Bacterial Virulence Factors in Periodontal Disease

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Bacterial Virulence Factors in Periodontal Disease

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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of fimbriae?

To produce toxins that can kill host cells.

To help bacteria replicate faster.

To aid in bacterial binding to epithelium, thus aiding tissue invasion. (correct)

To help bacteria evade the host's immune system.

Once the bacterium has invaded a host cell, it can be safe from host defenses.

True

What type of bacteria is Porphyromonas gingivalis?

Gram-positive bacilli.

Gram-negative cocci.

Gram-negative bacilli. (correct)

Gram-positive cocci.

What are the two main reasons why Porphyromonas gingivalis is able to resist some host defenses?

It has a carbohydrate capsule and produces gingipains. Signup and view all the answers

What does Porphyromonas gingivalis use GCF for?

As a source of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why Tannerella forsythia is hard to culture?

It is a gram-negative anaerobe that has a very difficult to culture fusform morphology. Signup and view all the answers

What effect can Treponima denticola have on host tissue?

It can evade host defenses by inducing and degrading cytokines Signup and view all the answers

How does Treponima denticola affect wound healing?

It may delay wound healing by inhibiting the migration of PMN cells, which are critical for the inflammatory response and wound repair. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fimbriae & Tissue Invasion

These virulence factors aid bacteria binding to epithelium, thus aiding tissue invasion
Once the bacterium has invaded a host cell, it can be safe from host defenses.
It may be more able to replicate

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Gram-negative bacillus, anaerobe, non-saccharolytic, non-motile
Capsule - carbohydrate capsule to resist some host defenses (SPF- as a source of nutrients)
Produces gingipains - These enable the bacterium to use Gram' negative organisms.
LPS - lipopolysaccharide
Fimbriae & tissue invasion
Can suppress the earthy polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) response.
Heamolysins & platelet aggregators

Tannerella forsythia

Gram-negative, anaerobe, fusiform.
A particular phenotype seems to be found much more often in periodontitis than in healthy.
Produce proteases & pathogenic inducing factors (cell death)

Treponema denticola

Use GCF components for energy, to aid multiplication
Adherence factors can bind to fibroblasts (not able to do job)
Motile. Can invade tissue
Disruption of host defenses by inducing & degrading cytokines
May delay wound healing by inhibiting migration of PMNs

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Description

Explore the virulence factors of key bacteria involved in periodontal disease, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. Understand how these pathogens utilize mechanisms like fimbriae and proteases to invade tissues and evade host defenses.