B-2 Physics Topic 2.2.4 Fluid Dynamics

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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between specific gravity and density in fluids?

Specific gravity increases with decreasing density of the fluid.

Specific gravity is the ratio of a fluid's density to the density of water. (correct)

Specific gravity is the measure of fluid's resistance to flow.

Specific gravity is the volume of fluid per unit density.

How does viscosity in liquids primarily affect fluid behavior?

It determines how easily fluids can flow and deform. (correct)

It has no significant effect on the speed of fluid flow.

It decreases the resistance encountered by the fluid in motion.

It increases the fluid's temperature and pressure.

Which of the following best describes viscosity in gases?

It is directly proportional to the gas density.

It increases with decreasing temperature of the gas. (correct)

It is always higher than the viscosity of liquids.

It is largely unaffected by changes in pressure.

What is the significance of the viscosity index in fluids?

It measures the change in viscosity with temperature changes. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes fluid resistance in relation to viscosity?

Viscosity is a key factor in determining the fluid resistance encountered. Signup and view all the answers

How does Bernoulli's principle describe the relationship between fluid velocity and pressure?

Pressure decreases at points where fluid velocity increases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main result of the Venturi effect in a fluid flowing through a constricted section?

Decreased fluid pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What must be true for Bernoulli's equation to hold for fluid flow?

The fluid must be incompressible. Signup and view all the answers

In applying Bernoulli's theorem, what does the equation Static Pressure + Dynamic Pressure equal?

Total Pressure Signup and view all the answers

If a fluid's dynamics state that its velocity is increasing, what can be inferred about its pressure?

Pressure will decrease due to conservation of energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies the Venturi effect?

Fluid speeding up as it passes through a narrower section. Signup and view all the answers

When dealing with the Venturi effect, which of the following relationships holds true?

A1 > A2, V1 < V2 implies P1 > P2 Signup and view all the answers

What principle governs the change in pressure and velocity as fluid moves from a wider to a narrower section of a pipe?

Bernoulli's principle. Signup and view all the answers

How is dynamic pressure calculated?

q = ½rV² Signup and view all the answers

What does static pressure represent in aircraft?

The actual pressure of the fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between potential energy and kinetic energy in a fluid according to Bernoulli's Principle?

Potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

In a Venturi tube, what happens to the fluid as it moves through the converging duct?

Pressure decreases and velocity increases Signup and view all the answers

What is total pressure in the context of a sealed capsule?

The sum of static and dynamic pressures Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the state of a fluid's potential and kinetic energy?

They can exchange forms without loss Signup and view all the answers

Why is static pressure considered important in aircraft?

It is crucial for calculating aircraft altitude Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of density in calculating dynamic pressure?

It is multiplied by the square of velocity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Module: B-2 Physics, Topic 2.2.4 Fluid Dynamics

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion.
Specific gravity and density are related to fluids.
Viscosity is fluid resistance to flow.
Streamlining reduces air resistance.
Compressibility describes the ability of fluid molecules to be compacted or compressed.
Liquids are typically considered incompressible.
Gases are typically compressible.
Compressibility is important at high speeds but not significant at low speeds.
Static pressure is the pressure of a fluid not in motion and often associated with atmospheric pressure.
Dynamic pressure is the pressure of a moving fluid and is proportional its speed.
Total pressure is the sum of static and dynamic pressure.
Bernoulli's Theorem describes the relationship between velocity and pressure in a fluid.
A venturi is a tube that narrows in the center and shows the relationship between pressure and velocity of a fluid.
A hydrometer measures specific gravity of liquids.
Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow; examples include gasoline, tar, and hydraulic fluids.
Viscosity in liquids decreases with increasing temperature and increases with increasing pressure.
Viscosity in gases increases with temperature; it is independent of pressure.
Viscosity index (V.I.) is a measure of how much viscosity changes with temperature.
High V.I. indicates small viscosity changes with temperature
Low V.I. indicates high viscosity changes with temperature
Streamlining is the shaping of an object to reduce air resistance.
The front of a streamlined object should be well rounded, and the body should gradually curve to a taper.
The venturi effect describes fluid flow through a constricted section of pipe, where increasing velocity leads to decreasing pressure.
Bernoulli's principle explains the relationship between potential and kinetic energy in a fluid.
The potential energy in a fluid is due to pressure, and kinetic energy is due to movement.
Bernoulli's equation states that static and dynamic pressure in a fluid equals total pressure.
This is constant in a streamline.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of fluid dynamics, focusing on the properties of fluids in motion. Key topics include specific gravity, viscosity, compressibility, Bernoulli's Theorem, and pressure dynamics. Test your understanding of how these principles apply to both liquids and gases.