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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?
Where are the cells of the parasympathetic nervous system primarily located?
Where are the cells of the parasympathetic nervous system primarily located?
How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems interact?
How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems interact?
What determines the functions of the enteric nervous system?
What determines the functions of the enteric nervous system?
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What is NOT a function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
What is NOT a function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
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Study Notes
Autonomic Nervous System
- The autonomic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system.
- It controls involuntary bodily functions.
- Examples include heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal.
Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System
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Sympathetic Nervous System:
- Originates in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord (T1 to L2,3).
- Activated during stressful or dangerous situations.
- Physiological effects include: dilated pupils, inhibited salivation, relaxed bronchi, accelerated heartbeat, inhibited peristalsis and secretion, stimulated glucose production and release, adrenaline and noradrenaline secretion, inhibited bladder contraction and orgasm stimulation.
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Parasympathetic Nervous System:
- Originates in the brain stem and sacral spinal cord.
- Generally promotes "rest and digest" functions.
- Physiological effects include: constricted pupils, stimulated saliva flow, constricted bronchi, slowed heartbeat, stimulated peristalsis and secretion, stimulated bile release, and bladder contraction.
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Enteric Nervous System:
- Located in the gastrointestinal tract.
- Regulates the gastrointestinal tract, gastric acid secretion, local blood flow, gut hormones, and interacts with the immune system.
Interactions
- Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems work antagonistically.
- When one is active, the other is inhibited.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts of the autonomic nervous system, detailing its role in controlling involuntary bodily functions. It includes information on the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, their origins, and physiological effects. Test your understanding of how these systems operate during various states of stress and relaxation.
