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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system related to the heart?
Which part of the autonomic nervous system is primarily involved in regulating gastrointestinal motility?
Which of the following is NOT a role of autonomic ganglia?
What condition could be associated with the disruption of sympathetic pathways affecting the eyes?
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Which effector organ is linked to the pelvic part of the autonomic nervous system?
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Study Notes
Autonomic Nervous System
- Part of Peripheral Nervous System
- Controls involuntary bodily functions
- Responsible for maintaining homeostasis
- Divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
Organization of the Autonomic Nervous System
- Reflex action is an unconscious response to stimuli
- Reflex arc transmits information during a reflex action
- Receptor detects a stimulus
- Afferent neuron carries stimuli to the CNS
- Center within the CNS, integrates stimuli
- Efferent neuron carries response from the CNS
- Effector organ receives response from the CNS
Sympathetic Nervous System
- Fight or Flight response
- Thoracolumbar origin
- Postganglionic fibers are long
- Ganglia located close to the spinal cord
- Neurotransmitter is norepinephrine
Divisions of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Cervical Sympathetic Division
- Origin: Cervical spinal cord
- Relay: Superior cervical ganglion
-
Functions:
- Ocular muscles(dilation of pupils)
- Salivary glands(reduce saliva)
- Skin (sweating)
- Brain (alertness)
Horner's Syndrome
- Caused by damage to the sympathetic nervous system (e.g. cervical ganglia)
-
Manifestations:
- Miosis (Pupil constriction)
- Ptosis (Drooping eyelid)
- Anhidrosis (Lack of sweating)
Cardiopulmonary Sympathetic Division
- Origin: Thoracic spinal cord
- Relay: Cardiac and pulmonary ganglia
-
Functions:
- Increase heart rate and contractility
- Bronchodilation (relaxation of airways)
Splanchnic Sympathetic Division
-
Abdominal Part
- Origin: Thoracic spinal cord
- Relay: Celiac and superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia
-
Functions:
- Reduced gastrointestinal motility
- Reduced gastrointestinal secretions
- Vasoconstriction
- Liver glycogenolysis
- Adrenal medulla stimulation
- Spleen contraction
-
Pelvic Part
- Origin: Lumbar and Sacral spinal cord
- Relay: Pelvic ganglia
-
Functions:
- Colon contraction
- Urinary Bladder contraction
- Vasoconstriction (males)
- Ejaculation (males)
- Uterine contraction (females)
- Vaginal contraction (females)
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Description
This quiz delves into the structure and functions of the Autonomic Nervous System, including its role in involuntary bodily functions and homeostasis. It covers the divisions, reflex actions, and key components like efferent and afferent neurons. Test your knowledge on sympathetic and parasympathetic systems and their characteristics.
