Adult health integumentary
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of lesions during the initial stage of the described condition?

  • They are vesicular.
  • They are scaly.
  • They are pustular.
  • They are papular. (correct)

Which type of topical treatment is used to help decrease inflammation in skin conditions?

  • Hydrocortisone (correct)
  • Mineral oil
  • Sodium sulfacetamide
  • Benzoyl peroxide

What is a feature of discoid lupus that distinguishes it from systemic lupus erythematosus?

  • It can lead to systemic manifestations.
  • It has skin manifestations only. (correct)
  • It is characterized by joint pain.
  • It primarily affects women.

Which demographic group is most prevalent in exhibiting symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?

<p>Women of childbearing age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly seen as one of the criteria for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus?

<p>Erythematous butterfly rash (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option is NOT typically utilized in managing skin lesions associated with lupus?

<p>Antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common autoimmune characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus?

<p>The body produces antibodies against its own cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with both systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lupus?

<p>Butterfly rash (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of asymptomatic viral shedding in individuals with herpes?

<p>They can still be contagious despite the absence of sores. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antiviral drug has been shown to reduce the risk of herpes transmission?

<p>Valtrex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can cold sores potentially lead to the transmission of genital herpes?

<p>During oral-genital sexual activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the herpes simplex virus do in the body after its initial infection?

<p>It remains dormant until the immune system is weakened. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of pain and lesions associated with herpes outbreaks?

<p>7-28 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of a herpes outbreak?

<p>Severe burning pain along a nerve pathway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic methods are utilized to confirm herpes infections?

<p>Culture, physical exam, and health history (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method to control herpes symptoms?

<p>Avoiding exercise and physical activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with lupus?

<p>Severe pruritus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of corticosteroids in lupus management?

<p>To reduce inflammation and achieve remission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test would most likely indicate a presence of lupus?

<p>Positive ANA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications requires an eye exam before and annually while being used?

<p>Antimalarial drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective method to prevent reinfection with lice?

<p>Cleaning furniture and non-washable materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifespan of an adult head louse?

<p>30 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about body lice is true?

<p>Pruritus is caused by their bites. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of early exacerbation in patients with lupus?

<p>Severe fatigue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of louse is transmitted through sexual contact?

<p>Pubic louse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important aspect of managing lupus symptoms?

<p>Minimizing sunlight exposure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for melanoma lesions?

<p>Wide surgical excision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about melanoma survival rates is accurate?

<p>Survival rate decreases significantly with thickness over 3 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is paronychia associated with?

<p>Infection around the nails (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important precaution to take to prevent skin issues related to sun exposure?

<p>Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 and reapply every 2 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment is commonly used for hypertrichosis?

<p>Electrolysis and dermabrasion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor does NOT influence the destruction caused by thermal burns?

<p>Presence of scarring in the area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a potential cause of hypotrichosis?

<p>Malnutrition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should suspicious skin lesions be reported to a healthcare provider?

<p>When they change in appearance or size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration for the treatment of tinea infections?

<p>2-6 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred vaccine for preventing shingles in individuals 50 years and older?

<p>Shingrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topical antifungal agent can be applied directly to the skin for treating fungal infections?

<p>Tolnaftate 1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What complication may 20% of patients experience after recovering from shingles?

<p>Neuralgia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tinea infections?

<p>Direct contact with contaminated agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of shoes should patients with tinea pedis wear to reduce moisture?

<p>Sandal-type shoes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of impetigo?

<p>Elevated lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for impetigo?

<p>Systemic antibiotics based on cultures and sensitivities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should individuals with dermatitis venetata be taught regarding their condition?

<p>Keep an accurate history of potential irritants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a recommended method for alleviating symptoms of pruritis?

<p>Wearing tight clothing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can shingles be transmitted to someone who has not had chickenpox?

<p>Direct contact with open areas of shingles lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be initiated when a patient exhibits erythema and vesicles, potentially indicating contact dermatitis?

<p>Determining the cause of hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria are commonly associated with the cause of impetigo?

<p>Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of using antiseptic soaps in the treatment of impetigo?

<p>To remove crusted exudate and prevent infection spread (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs is often used to manage symptoms of hypersensitivity and pruritus?

<p>Corticosteroids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with skin infection like impetigo?

<p>Nausea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Can cold sores cause genital herpes?

The herpes simplex virus type 1, which causes cold sores, can be transmitted to the genitals through oral-genital sex.

Can genital herpes be spread asymptomatically?

The herpes simplex virus can be transmitted during oral sex, even when no sores are present, because the virus can be shed asymptomatically.

How does shingles develop?

The herpes virus lies dormant in the body until the immune system is weakened, allowing the virus to reactivate and cause symptoms.

What virus causes shingles?

Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox.

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Where do shingles lesions appear?

Shingles usually manifests as a painful rash of vesicles along the nerve pathways of the spinal ganglia.

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What is a typical symptom of shingles?

Pain, especially burning and knife-like pain, is a common symptom of shingles.

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How is shingles diagnosed?

Shingles is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, health history, and laboratory cultures.

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What is the treatment for shingles?

Treatment for shingles aims to manage pain, prevent complications, and reduce the duration of the virus using antiviral medications like acyclovir and corticosteroids for inflammation.

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Tinea Capitis

A skin infection caused by a fungus, affecting the scalp, often in children, leading to patchy hair loss and scaling.

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Tinea Corporis

A common fungal infection, affecting the body, characterized by raised, red, itchy patches that may have a circular shape.

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Tinea Cruris

A fungal infection affecting the groin area, causing itching, redness, and a rash in the creases of the skin.

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Tinea Pedis

A contagious fungal infection affecting the feet, commonly known as Athlete's Foot, leading to itching, scaling, and cracking between the toes.

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Antifungal Drugs

Medications used to treat fungal infections.

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Contact Dermatitis

A common skin reaction due to contact with an allergen, causing redness, itching, and sometimes blisters.

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Dermatitis Venenata

A form of contact dermatitis caused by contact with plants like poison ivy or poison oak.

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Sensitizing Antigen Formation

The first exposure to an allergen that sensitizes the body and prepares it for a stronger reaction upon subsequent contact.

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What is shingles?

A viral infection of the skin caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. It usually appears as a painful rash that follows a nerve pathway.

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What is Shingrix?

A vaccine that is recommended for adults over 50 years old to prevent shingles. It is considered more effective than Zostavax.

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What is Impetigo?

A bacterial infection of the skin, commonly caused by Staph or Strep bacteria. It manifests as red, hot, and tender skin with pus-filled bumps.

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What is the typical recovery time for Shingles?

The period of time it takes for a person with shingles to recover.

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What is Post-Herpetic Neuralgia?

A potential complication that can develop after shingles, characterized by persistent pain along the affected nerve pathway.

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What is Impetigo Contagious?

A contagious bacterial infection of the skin that is characterized by red, itchy sores that ooze pus and form honey-colored crusts.

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What is Cellulitis?

A type of bacterial infection of the skin that can develop into a deeper infection, potentially leading to sepsis.

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What is Bactroban used for?

A common treatment for Impetigo using antibiotic cream.

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Psoriasis

A chronic skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches covered in silver scales, typically affecting the scalp, elbows, chin, and trunk.

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Keratolytic Agent

A topical medication used for psoriasis, designed to reduce inflammation and shedding of the outer skin layer.

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

An autoimmune disease that can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, and other organs, causing inflammation and antibody production against the body's own cells.

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Butterfly Rash

A specific skin rash in SLE characterized by a red butterfly-shaped pattern across the nose and cheeks.

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Anti-nuclear Antibody (ANA) Test

A non-conclusive diagnostic test used to identify SLE, but requires multiple positive results along with three other diagnostic criteria.

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Arthritis

Inflammation of the joints, a common symptom of SLE, causing pain and stiffness.

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Vasculitis

A skin condition causing small blood vessels to become inflamed, resulting in red, itchy, and painful rash.

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Leukopenia

A reduction in white blood cell count, a potential complication of SLE.

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Melanoma Survival Rate

The thickness of the melanoma determines the survival rate. Lesions less than 1 mm thick have a near 100% survival rate, whereas lesions 3 mm thick or greater have a survival rate less than 50%.

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Melanoma Metastasis

Melanoma can spread quickly to other parts of the body through the bloodstream and lymphatic system.

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What is Hypertrichosis?

Excessive hair growth in a masculine pattern, often due to hormonal imbalances or medications.

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What is Hypotrichosis?

Absence of hair or decreased hair growth, caused by various factors like skin conditions, hormonal issues, or nutritional deficiencies.

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What is Paronychia?

A condition of the nails where the nail becomes soft or brittle and changes shape as it grows into the surrounding tissue, potentially becoming infected.

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Types of Burns

Thermal burns are caused by hot substances like flames, scalds, or heat energy. Non-thermal burns are caused by electricity, chemicals, or radiation.

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Burn Severity

The extent of tissue damage in a burn depends on the type of burning agent, its temperature, the duration of exposure, and the skin's condition before the injury.

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Preventing Skin Cancer

It is crucial to avoid sun exposure during peak hours, wear protective clothing, and use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15.

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Elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

An increase in the sedimentation rate of red blood cells in a blood sample, indicating inflammation or infection.

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Coagulation Profile

A blood test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot, indicating potential bleeding disorders.

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Positive Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)

A blood test that detects antibodies against nuclear antigens, often present in autoimmune diseases like lupus.

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Positive Coombs Test

A blood test that identifies antibodies against red blood cells, associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

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NSAIDS (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)

A type of medication used to reduce inflammation and pain, often used to manage symptoms in autoimmune diseases.

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Corticosteroids

A class of drugs used to suppress the immune system and decrease inflammation, often used to treat autoimmune disorders.

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Anti-Infective Agents

Drugs used to treat infections, often used to prevent or manage infections in individuals with weakened immune systems.

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Tinea

A skin disorder characterized by itching, redness, and scaling caused by a fungal infection.

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Pediculosis (Lice)

A skin infection caused by lice, usually associated with poor hygiene or close contact with infected individuals.

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Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)

A type of lice that infects the scalp and attaches to hair shafts.

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Study Notes

Integumentary System Study Notes

  • The integumentary system encompasses the skin and its associated structures, crucial for health.
  • Assessment of skin lesions or rashes involves inquiring about their appearance, location of onset, duration, and associated symptoms like pain, itching, or changes in color.
  • Exposure to sunlight and family history of skin cancer are relevant factors to consider.
  • The degree of darkness of skin is genetically determined.
  • Increased melanin content in skin provides protection against sun, leading to decreased skin cancer incidence.
  • Assessment of skin color is simplified in areas with lighter skin, such as palms and soles.
  • Palpate areas, like lips, mucous membranes, nailbeds, and conjunctiva, for color changes indicating conditions like pallor.
  • Rashes sometimes require palpation for accurate assessment due to visual difficulty.
  • Documenting the chief complaint of skin conditions requires precise location, dimensions, type, provoking factors, relieving factors, quality of symptoms, location on the body, severity, and duration.
  • The mnemonic PQRST assists in documenting the details of a skin condition.
  • Assessment of moles utilizes the ABCDE method: asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter change, and elevation/evolution.
  • Pressure injuries encompass different stages, ranging from non-blanchable erythema (stage 1) to full-thickness tissue loss (stage 4), with varying clinical manifestations. This classification is essential for appropriate management.
  • Unstageable pressure ulcers have a wound base covered by slough or eschar; depth assessment awaits base exposure.
  • Deep tissue injuries manifest as discolored areas with possible underlying tissue damage.
  • Type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex present with vesicles at different anatomical sites, presenting varying symptoms, and treatment approaches.
  • Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is characterized by a painful rash associated with a specific nerve pathway.
  • The virus causing shingles was previously present in the body as chicken pox.
  • Bacterial skin infections, like cellulitis and impetigo contagiosa, are characterized by varying symptoms and require specific medical interventions.
  • Fungal skin infections, such as tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis, present different manifestations and require specific therapeutic approaches based on the causative agent.
  • Contact dermatitis presents with skin inflammation at contact points with allergens, whereas some medication can cause a similar reaction.
  • Urticaria (hives) and angioedema are allergic reactions characterized by skin swelling in specific areas.
  • Eczema, a chronic inflammatory skin condition, is frequently associated with allergies, and other factors.
  • Acne vulgaris, a condition involving sebaceous glands, commonly affects adolescents and presents with skin lesions.
  • Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin condition, presents with skin patches and scales.
  • Skin tumors, including keloids and various types of angioma, present differently and require specific management approaches.
  • Skin cancer involves specific types like basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma, each with distinct characteristics impacting treatment approaches.

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Adult Health Integumentary PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on autoimmune conditions, particularly lupus and herpes. This quiz covers symptoms, treatment options, and distinguishing features of each condition. Understand how these diseases affect different demographics and explore the consequences of viral shedding.

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