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Cardiology Quiz: ASD and VSD Findings

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Questions and Answers

Which auscultation finding is associated with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

Narrow S₂ with increased P₂

Wide and fixed split S₂ (correct)

Harsh holosystolic murmur at lower left sternal border

Mid-diastolic apical rumble

Which condition is commonly associated with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?

Holt-Oram syndrome

Apert syndrome (correct)

Cystic fibrosis

Marfan syndrome

Which presentation symptom is typical for large defects of ASD?

Unexplained weight loss

Recurrent respiratory infections

Cyanosis

Easy fatigability (correct)

Which ECG finding is typical in patients with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?

<p>Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cardiac imaging finding is commonly seen in both ASD and VSD?

<p>Cardiomegaly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

An opening in the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart (right and left atria). This allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the right atrium, bypassing the lungs.

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

A hole in the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart (right and left ventricles). This allows blood to bypass the lungs, flowing from the left ventricle to the right ventricle.

Wide and Fixed Split S₂ in ASD

A wide and fixed splitting of the second heart sound (S₂) heard during auscultation (listening to the heart). This happens because the two heart sounds happen at different times, creating a wider separation.

Harsh Holosystolic Murmur in VSD

A harsh, holosystolic murmur heard at the lower left sternal border during auscultation. This is caused by the turbulent blood flow across the VSD.

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Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) in VSD

The presence of an enlarged right ventricle (RVH) on an electrocardiogram (ECG). It suggests that the right ventricle is working extra hard due to the increased blood flow caused by the VSD.

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