Atorvastatin Herb and Dietary Interactions

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What is the prevalence of CYP2D6 functional deficiency in Caucasians and African Americans?

7% (correct)

10%

15%

3%

What is the effect of statins on LDL cholesterol levels?

18-55% decrease (correct)

No effect

30-40% increase

5-10% increase

In which population is CYP2D6 functional deficiency rare?

Asians (correct)

Caucasians

African Americans

Hispanics

What is the most effective drug class for reducing LDL cholesterol levels?

Statins Signup and view all the answers

In which patient population are statins considered first-line therapy for dyslipidemia?

Children Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common adverse effect of statins?

Muscle pain Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperlipidemia?

An increase in the level of lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) in the blood Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme controls the early rate-limiting step in the production of cellular cholesterol?

HMG–CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

What are bile acids' main function in the body?

To break down or metabolize fats into small molecules called micelles Signup and view all the answers

What is cholesterol used to make?

Bile acids and steroid hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which medication type is used to reduce blood lipid levels?

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What do fats break down into in the stomach?

Fatty acids, lipids, and cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of cholestyramine in reducing serum cholesterol levels?

Promoting the excretion of bile acids in the feces Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect of cholestyramine?

Flatulence and abdominal discomfort Signup and view all the answers

Why is cholestyramine contraindicated in people with complete biliary obstruction?

Bile is not secreted into the intestine Signup and view all the answers

What nursing implication is important when administering cholestyramine with other drugs?

Administering the other drugs 1 hour before cholestyramine Signup and view all the answers

In which patient population should caution be exercised when using cholestyramine due to the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Patients with renal impairment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intended effect of using cholestyramine along with a statin drug?

Reducing LDL cholesterol levels further Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing of administration for statins like atorvastatin?

At any time of the day Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of atorvastatin therapy?

Muscle pain or weakness Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of monitoring liver function in patients taking statins?

To detect liver damage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods may decrease the effects of atorvastatin?

Oat bran Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class has the ability to reduce LDL cholesterol without being absorbed when taken orally?

Bile acid sequestrants Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of dyslipidemic drugs?

To lower high concentrations of fats in the blood Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications is recommended as first-line therapy in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) Signup and view all the answers

Which statin is useful for treating dyslipidemia and is an overall tool in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease?

Atorvastatin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main enzyme inhibited by statins to decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol?

HMG-CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications may have an increased risk of drug interactions and problems with certain foods, such as grapefruit juice?

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is known to decrease total serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, while possibly increasing HDL cholesterol levels?

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) Signup and view all the answers

What clinical condition may warrant the use of vitamin niacin in specific situations?

High triglyceride level Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

High serum triglyceride levels Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment?

Fenofibrate Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect of fibrates?

Gastrointestinal discomfort and diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which patient population should be closely monitored when using fibrates due to the risk of renal disease as a serious complication?

Patients with diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of fibrates in reducing cholesterol levels?

Decreasing VLDL cholesterol production Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

Statins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main excretion route for fenofibrate?

Renal elimination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease?

Decreasing serum triglyceride values Signup and view all the answers

How do fibrates affect hepatic production of triglycerides?

Decrease it Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme controls the early rate-limiting step in the production of cellular cholesterol?

HMG-CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease?

To reduce cholesterol levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect of fibrates?

Liver damage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods may decrease the effects of atorvastatin?

Grapefruit juice Signup and view all the answers

What is the main excretion route for fenofibrate?

Feces Signup and view all the answers

In which patient population should caution be exercised when using cholestyramine due to the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Patients with renal disease Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications is recommended as first-line therapy in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

3-hydroxy-3methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of monitoring liver function in patients taking statins?

To detect potential adverse effects related to the medication Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of fibrates in reducing cholesterol levels?

Increase in lipoprotein lipase activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common adverse effect of statins?

Severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

Hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

Gemfibrozil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods or beverages can increase the effects of atorvastatin?

Grapefruit juice Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for the administration of most statins like atorvastatin?

In the evening or at bedtime Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs can reduce LDL cholesterol without being absorbed when taken orally?

Bile acid sequestrants Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect of statin therapy that nurses should monitor for during the first months of treatment?

Muscle pain or weakness Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction increases the effects of fluvastatin?

Grapefruit juice Signup and view all the answers

What recommendation should be given to women of childbearing age who are prescribed statins?

Consider contraceptive counseling Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common adverse effect of statins?

Skin rash Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary enzyme inhibited by statins to decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol?

HMG-CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

In which patient population should caution be exercised when using cholestyramine due to the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Patients with renal impairment Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

Cyclosporine and verapamil Signup and view all the answers

What is the main excretion route for fenofibrate?

Biliary excretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of statins on LDL cholesterol levels?

10% decrease in LDL levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of cholestyramine in reducing serum cholesterol levels?

Binding bile acids in the intestinal lumen, preventing recirculation to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect of cholestyramine?

Constipation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intended effect of using cholestyramine along with a statin drug?

Decreasing LDL cholesterol levels Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme controls the early rate-limiting step in the production of cellular cholesterol?

HMG-CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

To reduce blood lipid levels Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications may have an increased risk of drug interactions and problems with certain foods, such as grapefruit juice?

Statins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

Lowering high serum triglyceride values Signup and view all the answers

Which patient population should caution be exercised when using fibrates due to the risk of renal disease as a serious complication?

Patients with diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect of fibrates?

GI discomfort and diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

How do fibrates affect hepatic production of triglycerides?

Decrease it Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease?

Reducing serum triglyceride values Signup and view all the answers

What is the main enzyme inhibited by statins to decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol?

HMG-CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary excretion route for fenofibrate?

Urinary elimination Signup and view all the answers

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

(Statins) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of monitoring liver function in patients taking statins?

To assess for abnormal elevations of serum aminotransferases Signup and view all the answers

Atorvastatin Herb and Dietary Interactions

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Questions and Answers

What is the prevalence of CYP2D6 functional deficiency in Caucasians and African Americans?

What is the effect of statins on LDL cholesterol levels?

In which population is CYP2D6 functional deficiency rare?

What is the most effective drug class for reducing LDL cholesterol levels?

In which patient population are statins considered first-line therapy for dyslipidemia?

What is the most common adverse effect of statins?

What is hyperlipidemia?

Which enzyme controls the early rate-limiting step in the production of cellular cholesterol?

What are bile acids' main function in the body?

What is cholesterol used to make?

Which medication type is used to reduce blood lipid levels?

What do fats break down into in the stomach?

What is the mechanism of action of cholestyramine in reducing serum cholesterol levels?

What is the primary adverse effect of cholestyramine?

Why is cholestyramine contraindicated in people with complete biliary obstruction?

What nursing implication is important when administering cholestyramine with other drugs?

In which patient population should caution be exercised when using cholestyramine due to the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

What is the primary intended effect of using cholestyramine along with a statin drug?

What is the recommended timing of administration for statins like atorvastatin?

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of atorvastatin therapy?

What is the main purpose of monitoring liver function in patients taking statins?

Which of the following foods may decrease the effects of atorvastatin?

Which drug class has the ability to reduce LDL cholesterol without being absorbed when taken orally?

What is the main purpose of dyslipidemic drugs?

Which class of medications is recommended as first-line therapy in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

Which statin is useful for treating dyslipidemia and is an overall tool in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease?

What is the main enzyme inhibited by statins to decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol?

Which class of medications may have an increased risk of drug interactions and problems with certain foods, such as grapefruit juice?

Which medication is known to decrease total serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, while possibly increasing HDL cholesterol levels?

What clinical condition may warrant the use of vitamin niacin in specific situations?

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

Which drug is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment?

What is the main adverse effect of fibrates?

Which patient population should be closely monitored when using fibrates due to the risk of renal disease as a serious complication?

What is the primary mechanism of action of fibrates in reducing cholesterol levels?

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

What is the main excretion route for fenofibrate?

What is the primary use of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease?

How do fibrates affect hepatic production of triglycerides?

Which enzyme controls the early rate-limiting step in the production of cellular cholesterol?

What is the primary use of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease?

What is the main adverse effect of fibrates?

Which of the following foods may decrease the effects of atorvastatin?

What is the main excretion route for fenofibrate?

In which patient population should caution be exercised when using cholestyramine due to the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Which class of medications is recommended as first-line therapy in patients with PAD for secondary prevention and cardiovascular risk reduction?

What is the main purpose of monitoring liver function in patients taking statins?

What is the primary mechanism of action of fibrates in reducing cholesterol levels?

What is the most common adverse effect of statins?

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

Which of the following foods or beverages can increase the effects of atorvastatin?

What is the recommended timing for the administration of most statins like atorvastatin?

Which class of drugs can reduce LDL cholesterol without being absorbed when taken orally?

What is the primary adverse effect of statin therapy that nurses should monitor for during the first months of treatment?

Which drug interaction increases the effects of fluvastatin?

What recommendation should be given to women of childbearing age who are prescribed statins?

What is the most common adverse effect of statins?

What is the primary enzyme inhibited by statins to decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol?

In which patient population should caution be exercised when using cholestyramine due to the risk of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Which drug interaction increases the risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis when used concurrently with fenofibrate?

What is the main excretion route for fenofibrate?

What is the effect of statins on LDL cholesterol levels?

What is the primary mechanism of action of cholestyramine in reducing serum cholesterol levels?

What is the main adverse effect of cholestyramine?

What is the primary intended effect of using cholestyramine along with a statin drug?

Which enzyme controls the early rate-limiting step in the production of cellular cholesterol?

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

Which class of medications may have an increased risk of drug interactions and problems with certain foods, such as grapefruit juice?

What is the primary indication for the use of fibrates?

Which patient population should caution be exercised when using fibrates due to the risk of renal disease as a serious complication?

What is the main adverse effect of fibrates?

How do fibrates affect hepatic production of triglycerides?

What is the primary use of fibrates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia associated with diabetes, gout, gastritis, or ulcer disease?

What is the main enzyme inhibited by statins to decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol?

What is the primary excretion route for fenofibrate?