Atkinson and Shiffrin's Multi-Store Model of Memory

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Questions and Answers

What is the serial position effect characterized by?

Recalling items from the beginning of a list better than items from the end and middle

Recalling items from the beginning and end of a list better than items in the middle (correct)

Recalling items from the end of a list better than items from the beginning and middle

Recalling items from the middle of a list better than items at the beginning and end

According to the Multi-Store Model, what happens to information in short-term memory?

It is transferred to sensory memory

It is transferred to long-term memory through rehearsal (correct)

It is lost after a few seconds

It is stored indefinitely

What is the recency effect attributed to?

The transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory

The sensory input of new information

The rehearsal of information in long-term memory

The retention of information in short-term memory (correct)

What is the primacy effect associated with?

Long-term memory Signup and view all the answers

What does the delayed recall condition show about the recency effect?

It diminishes the recency effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the main assertion of the Multi-Store Model?

Memory is comprised of separate stores with distinct characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the model of memory that was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968?

Multi-store model of memory Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the information in short-term memory if it is not rehearsed?

It is replaced by new information Signup and view all the answers

According to the multi-store model, what is the role of attention in processing sensory stimuli?

It filters out irrelevant information Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the study by Glanzer and Cunitz?

The recency effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 3 five-word practice lists in the study by Glanzer and Cunitz?

To help the participants become familiar with the process Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the pause between the display of each word in the study by Glanzer and Cunitz?

2 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the experimenter reading the words aloud in the study by Glanzer and Cunitz?

To help the participants hear the words more clearly Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the immediate recall condition in the study by Glanzer and Cunitz?

Participants demonstrated both the primacy and recency effects Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Multi-Store Model of Memory

The multi-store model of memory was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968, dividing memory into three stores: sensory, short-term, and long-term memory.
Sensory stimuli is constantly being received, and when paid attention to, it enters sensory memory and then short-term memory.
Information in short-term memory is stored until replaced by new information or rehearsed and transferred to long-term memory.

Recall and Retrieval

When recalling information, it is retrieved from long-term memory and back into short-term memory for utilization.
The model suggests that information is transported from short-term memory to long-term memory through rehearsal.

Glanzer and Cunitz Study

The study by Glanzer and Cunitz in 1968 supported the multi-store model of memory.
The study involved 46 enlisted men in the army, using a repeated measures design.
Participants were shown fifteen 15-word lists, with a 2-second pause between each word, and then asked to recall the words in any order.
The study demonstrated the serial position effect, with participants recalling words from the beginning and end of the list better than those in the middle.

Primacy and Recency Effects

The primacy effect is the tendency to recall words from the beginning of the list, associated with long-term memory storage.
The recency effect is the tendency to recall words from the end of the list, associated with short-term memory.
The study found that the recency effect diminished significantly in the delayed recall condition, while the primacy effect remained.

Empirical Support for Multi-Store Model

The study provides empirical support for the multi-store model of memory, demonstrating the separate stores of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
The findings support the model's assertion that information is transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory through rehearsal.

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Description

Take this quiz to learn about the multi-store model of memory proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968. This model divides memory into three stores: sensory, short-term, and long-term memory. Test your knowledge of how information flows through these stores.