Atherosclerosis and Venous Thromboembolism Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the primary manifestation of Venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Vascular injury and Hypercoagulability

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and Thrombocytes

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary embolism (PE) (correct)

Venous stasis and Coagulation cascade

What are the three primary components of Virchow’s triad, which contributes to clot formation in the venous circulation?

Coagulation cascade, Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary embolism (PE)

Venous stasis, Vascular injury, Hypercoagulability (correct)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Thrombocytes, Serotonin

HemoStasis, Anticoagulant, Procoagulant mechanism

What is the function of Platelets during hemostasis?

To initiate vascular spasms

To regulate the coagulation cascade

To maintain the balance of blood

To provide a close barrier to stop bleeding (correct)

What are the three phases in rapid sequence during clot formation in hemostasis?

Vascular spasms, Platelet plug formation, Coagulation (blood clotting) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a blood clot?

To contain formed elements of the blood entangled in fibrin threads Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism that prevents loss from damaged blood vessels?

HemoStasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for Platelets?

Thrombocytes Signup and view all the answers

What do the granules in platelets contain?

Enzymes, ADP, Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate effect of Vascular spasms during hemostasis?

Vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of breaking down a blood clot?

Fibrinolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Anticoagulant mechanism during hemostasis?

Prevent excessive clotting Signup and view all the answers

What factor doubles with each 10 years after the age of 50, increasing the risk of clotting disorders?

Age Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for activated partial thrombin time (aPTT)?

10-30 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of D-dimer in the diagnosis of VTE?

To detect degradation products of fibrin blood clots Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary manifestation of Post Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS)?

Chronic lower extremity swelling, pain, and skin discoloration Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with high red blood cell production and poses a risk for VTE?

Polycythemia vera Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of contrast venography in the context of VTE diagnosis?

To visualize the entire venous system in the lower extremity and abdomen Signup and view all the answers

In the Modified Wells Criteria, what score indicates a high probability of having acute DVT?

Score > 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of pulmonary angiography in the context of VTE diagnosis?

To visualize the pulmonary arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of VTE?

To detect acute thrombosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of ventilation-perfusion scans in the diagnosis of VTE?

To assess lung function Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary manifestation of DVT in terms of patient presentation?

Unilateral leg pain, swelling persisting after a night’s sleep Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for VTE associated with vascular injury?

Trauma and indwelling venous catheters Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Modified Caprini Risk Assessment Model for VTE?

To assess the risk of VTE in surgical patients Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with venous stasis?

Obesity Signup and view all the answers

What is a long-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

Chronic lower extremity swelling Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Anti-phospholipid antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom frequently associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

Swelling persist after a night’s sleep Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used frequently for the initial evaluation of patients with suspected VTE?

D-dimer Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for D-dimer?

Less than 0.5 mg/L Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the intrinsic coagulation pathway?

Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the extrinsic coagulation pathway?

Exposure of collagen to Factor XII & thrombocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the triggering step for the intrinsic coagulation pathway?

Slow to proceed Signup and view all the answers

What is the triggering step for the extrinsic coagulation pathway?