APUSH Chapter 27 Key Terms Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What was the Big Sister policy aimed at?

Supporting European powers in the Americas

Establishing military bases in Latin America

Rallying Latin American nations behind American leadership (correct)

Promoting isolationism

What was the Great Rapprochement?

A close relationship between the U.S. and Great Britain at the end of the nineteenth century.

What did the McKinley Tariff do?

Promoted free trade with Europe

Raised duties on Hawaiian sugar (correct)

Abolished tariffs entirely

Lowered duties on imported goods

Who were the insurrectos?

Cuban insurgents seeking freedom from Spanish rule. Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the Maine in 1898?

It blew up in Havana harbor. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Teller Amendment proclaim?

Cuba would be granted independence after U.S. intervention Signup and view all the answers

Who organized the Rough Riders?

Theodore Roosevelt. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Anti-Imperialist League?

To protest American colonial oversight in the Philippines Signup and view all the answers

What did the Foraker Act establish?

Limited self-government for Puerto Rico. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Insular Cases conclude?

The Constitution did not automatically apply to territories acquired by the U.S. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Platt Amendment?

An amendment limiting Cuba's treaty-making abilities Signup and view all the answers

What was established by the Open Door note?

Free and open competition in China. Signup and view all the answers

What event did the Boxer Rebellion contribute to?

The revolution that established the Republic of China in 1912. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty allow?

The U.S. to build a canal in Central America. Signup and view all the answers

What policy did the Roosevelt Corollary support?

Preventive intervention in Latin America Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of Josiah Strong's writings?

To promote the superiority of Anglo-Saxon civilization. Signup and view all the answers

What influential work did Alfred Thayer Mahan write?

The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783. Signup and view all the answers

Who was James G. Blaine?

An American statesman and Secretary of State advocating the Big Sister policy. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Richard Olney play in U.S. foreign policy?

Secretary of State from 1895 to 1897, involved in the Venezuelan Crisis. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Liliuokalani?

The last reigning queen of Hawaii. Signup and view all the answers

What was Butcher Weyler known for?

Implementing brutal tactics in Cuba during the insurrection. Signup and view all the answers

What scandal was Dupuy de Lôme involved in?

Penning a private letter that criticized President McKinley. Signup and view all the answers

Who was George Dewey?

Commander of the American Asiatic Squadron who captured Manila Bay. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Emilio Aguinaldo play?

Leader of the Philippine insurgency against U.S. colonial rule. Signup and view all the answers

What position did William H. Taft hold before becoming president?

Civil governor of the Philippines. Signup and view all the answers

Who was John Hay?

Secretary of State who authored the Open Door Notes. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Theodore Roosevelt?

A Rough Rider and the 26th President of the United States. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Foreign Policies and Relations

Big Sister Policy: Introduced by Secretary of State James G. Blaine in the 1880s to unify Latin American countries under U.S. leadership and enhance trade.
Great Rapprochement: Late 19th-century shift toward fostering cordial relations with Great Britain, culminating during World War I.
Open Door Note: A diplomatic initiative by John Hay (1899-1900) to promote equal trading rights in China, asserting U.S. interests despite lacking a recognized sphere of influence.

Economic Legislation and Tariffs

McKinley Tariff (1890): Elevated tariffs on Hawaiian sugar, accelerating the push for Hawaii’s annexation.
Foraker Act (1900): Established limited self-government for Puerto Rico, being the first major legislative measure for territories gained post-Spanish-American War.

Cuban Affairs and the Spanish-American War

Insurrectos: Cuban rebels fighting for independence from Spain, whose actions jeopardized U.S. business interests.
Maine: U.S. battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor in 1898, igniting pro-war sentiments despite the incident being accidental.
Teller Amendment (1898): Claimed that the U.S. would not seek to control Cuba post-war, reflecting anti-imperialist intent of initial war plans.
Rough Riders: A diverse cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War, symbolizing American volunteer spirit.

American Imperialism and Socio-Political Movements

Anti-Imperialist League (1898-1921): Coalition against American imperialism in the Philippines, comprising various influential social figures.
Insular Cases (1901-1904): Supreme Court rulings that determined U.S. constitutional rights did not automatically extend to territories like Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Platt Amendment (1901): Introduced to Cuba’s constitution, it enabled U.S. intervention and limited Cuba’s foreign dealings, showcasing imperialist ambitions.

Political Figures and Diplomats

Theodore Roosevelt: A pivotal figure in American imperialism, serving as a Rough Rider and later as President after McKinley’s assassination.
Alfred Thayer Mahan: Influential naval strategist who stressed the importance of naval power for global dominance in his book from 1890.
Josiah Strong: Promoted Anglo-Saxon superiority and urged America to spread its religious values abroad, reflecting prevalent imperialist attitudes.

International Conflicts and Treaties

Boxer Rebellion (1900): An anti-foreigner uprising in China suppressed by an international military coalition, influencing subsequent Chinese governance.
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (1901): Enabled the U.S. to build a Central American canal, casting aside earlier bilateral agreements with Britain.
Roosevelt Corollary (1904): Extension of the Monroe Doctrine that justified U.S. intervention in Latin America under the guise of maintaining order.

Notable Persons in History

Liliuokalani: Last queen of Hawaii, deposed by white settlers during a revolt against her autonomy efforts.
George Dewey: Key naval commander in the Spanish-American War, celebrated for his victory at Manila Bay.
Emilio Aguinaldo: Filipino revolutionary leader, initially opposed Spanish rule, later leading resistance against American control.
William H. Taft: Governor of the Philippines who later became President, reflecting a continuity of U.S. territorial policy.

Scandals and Controversies

"Butcher" Weyler: Spanish general notorious for brutal tactics against Cuban civilians during the insurrection, which inflamed American public sentiment.
Dupuy de Lôme: Spanish minister whose leaked letter criticizing President McKinley created a diplomatic scandal that fueled calls for war.

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Test your knowledge on key terms and influential figures from APUSH Chapter 27. This set features important policies and historical developments, including the Big Sister policy and the Great Rapprochement. Ideal for students preparing for their exams!