Applied Pathophysiology: Hyperthyroidism Chapter 13

<p>Real-life examples of diseases and their effects on patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mechanisms by which hormonal and metabolic imbalances lead to disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T4 is converted to T3 at target cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling metabolic rate for energy production. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased bone density. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce thyroid hormone levels and block hormone action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exposure to cold. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothermia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release TSH. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By providing negative feedback to suppress the release of TRH and TSH. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased production of thyroid stimulating antibodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothyroidism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By stimulating the production of enzymes involved in energy production. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothyroidism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased TSH levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graves disease is a form of hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disorder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excess production of TSH by pituitary adenoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graves disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An autoimmune reaction involving antibodies that target TSH receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overproduction of thyroid hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of how diseases alter normal physiological processes.

The process by which hormones control and coordinate body functions.

The body's ability to maintain balance in metabolic processes.

Frameworks used to understand and treat specific diseases.

Changes in normal physiological states due to disease.

A hypermetabolic state caused by high levels of T3 and T4.

Excess thyroid hormone production due to issues with the thyroid gland itself or other external factors.

Excess TSH production by the pituitary gland leading to overactive thyroid function.

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism, an autoimmune condition where IgG binds to TSH receptors.

Hyperthyroidism caused by excessive iodine from medications or supplements.

A condition where the thyroid gland is underactive and produces insufficient thyroid hormone.

T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine), key hormones regulating metabolism.

The process by which thyroid hormones increase heat production in the body.

The speed at which the body converts food into energy.

A mechanism that reduces the output or activity of a system, maintaining homeostasis.

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, produced by the hypothalamus to regulate TSH release.

T3 is more active than T4, regulating metabolism more effectively.

Cold exposure stimulates an increase in thyroid hormone production.

An acute worsening of hyperthyroidism with high mortality.

Enlargement of the thyroid gland due to follicular hyperplasia.

Increased heart rate, palpitations, and cardiac output.

Protrusion of the eyeballs, often in Graves Disease.

Includes family history, lab tests, and imaging studies.

Aims to reduce thyroid hormones and block their action.

Common outcome of hyperthyroidism treatment, resulting in low thyroid hormone levels.