Applied Pathophysiology Chapter 2: Immunity

Questions and Answers

What is indicated when a patient has four or more clinical criteria for SLE?

A strongly suggested diagnosis of SLE (correct)

A definitive diagnosis of a different autoimmune disorder

An immediate recommendation for hospitalization

A need for further testing to rule out other conditions

Which symptom is NOT listed as a clinical criterion for SLE diagnosis?

Leukopenia

Oral ulcers

Alopecia

Joint stiffness (correct)

What does the term 'serositis' refer to in the context of SLE?

Inflammation of the serous membranes lining organs (correct)

Inflammation of the central nervous system

Inflammation of the vascular tissue

Inflammation of the skin layers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of acute cutaneous SLE?

Malar rash Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following scenarios would SLE diagnosis likely be reconsidered?

Patient reports fatigue and fever without other symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following may be a common misdiagnosis when evaluating a patient for SLE?

Chronic fatigue syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What does photophobia in SLE patients typically manifest as?

Increased sensitivity to light leading to discomfort Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation is characterized by joint pain and swelling in SLE diagnosis?

Synovitis Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the approach to SLE diagnosis based on criteria?

Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical criteria and symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosis

SLE criteria are continually updated, aiming for universal consensus on diagnosis.
Some patients may never meet the full diagnostic criteria for SLE, while others may take years to accumulate enough symptoms for a confirmed diagnosis.
A strong suggestion of SLE arises when a patient presents with four or more criteria.
Symptoms of SLE can overlap with other disorders, making diagnosis challenging.

Clinical Criteria for SLE Diagnosis

Skin Manifestations: Acute/subacute cutaneous involvement includes a malar rash (butterfly rash), photosensitivity, and chronic cutaneous lesions such as discoid lupus (characterized by rough, scaly, raised red circles).
Oral Lesions: Presence of oral ulcers resembling aphthous ulcers, which can also appear in the nasal area.
Hair Loss: Alopecia typically presents as patchy thinning.
Joint Inflammation: Synovitis leads to pain and swelling, typically symmetric, affecting two or more joints, potentially migrating in location.
Serositis: Involves inflammation of serous membranes lining the lungs (pleura), heart (pericardium), and inner abdomen (peritoneum).
Hematological Changes: Includes hemolytic anemia and leukopenia.

Description

This quiz focuses on Chapter 2 of 'Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse,' addressing altered immune responses. Explore the complexities of immunity, and understand how criteria for diagnosing conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can vary among patients. Enhance your knowledge of immune responses and their implications in patient care.