Questions and Answers
Lymph circulation is maintained by all except:
Which of the following would not be normally found in the lymph fluid?
The cluster of lymph nodes found in the neck region is referred to as:
The right thoracic duct empties into the:
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Proteins which accumulate in the interstitial fluid are picked up by the lymphatic system and therefore help to maintain osmotic pressure homeostasis in the blood.
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Lymph capillaries called lacteals are located in the vili of:
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Which of the following is not a function of the thymus?
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The four cardinal signs of localized inflammation response are:
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Which of the following is a cytokine that causes macrophages to become activated?
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Which immune response is an example of specific immunity?
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Which of the following is an opportunistic infection which is often found in AIDS patients and is caused by a fungi?
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Which of the following cells produce lymphotoxin?
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Which of the following is not a function of the cell mediated immune (CMI) system?
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Which of the following cells produce antibody?
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This class of antibodies makes up 75% of antibodies in the blood.
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Which cell does the HIV virus invade?
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Which diagnostic tests are used to determine if a person is HIV positive?
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Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?
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What do collecting lymphatic vessels NOT share in common with veins of the cardiovascular system?
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What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
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Lymph from what regions of the body is drained into the right lymphatic duct?
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What is the role of the B lymphocytes (B cells) in lymphoid tissue?
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Study Notes
Lymphatic System Key Points
- Lymph circulation depends on several factors, excluding the heart's action.
- Lymph fluid typically lacks eosinophils, differentiating it from other bodily fluids.
- The cluster of lymph nodes in the neck is termed superficial cervical nodes.
Thoracic Duct and Lymphatic Function
- The right thoracic duct drains lymph into the right subclavian vein.
- The lymphatic system aids osmotic pressure homeostasis by collecting interstitial proteins.
Lymph Capillaries and Immune Functions
- Lacteals, a type of lymph capillary, are located in the small intestines.
- The thymus is not responsible for red blood cell or platelet destruction but is critical in T cell maturation and producing thymosin.
Inflammation and Cytokines
- Cardinal signs of localized inflammation are heat, pain, swelling, and redness.
- Macrophage activation is driven by cytokines, with MAF identified as a specific cytokine involved.
Immune Response Types
- Specific immunity is exemplified by an antibody binding to an antigen, preventing infection.
- Opportunistic infections in AIDS patients often include Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Cell Function in Immunity
- T killer cells are responsible for producing lymphotoxin, vital for immune response.
- Plasma cells are the main producers of antibodies, while the cell-mediated immune system does not neutralize toxins.
Antibodies and HIV
- IgG is the most abundant antibody class, constituting 75% of those found in blood.
- The HIV virus specifically targets T helper cells, important for immune function.
Diagnostic Tests and Autoimmune Diseases
- ELISA tests are standard for diagnosing HIV infection.
- Systemic lupus is a recognized example of an autoimmune disease.
Lymphatic Vessel Characteristics
- Collecting lymphatic vessels share features with veins, including layers, function, and valves, but differ in wall thickness.
- The primary function of the lymphatic system is to return leaked fluid and plasma proteins to the bloodstream.
Lymph Drainage Specifics
- The right lymphatic duct collects lymph from the right upper limb and right side of the head and thorax, distinguishing its drainage area.
- B lymphocytes play a critical role in producing antibodies and shaping the immune response in lymphoid tissue.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the lymphatic system with these flashcards from APII Test 2. This quiz includes questions about lymph circulation, components of lymph fluid, and the location of lymph nodes. Challenge yourself to see how much you know about this essential part of the immune system.