APII Test 2 - Lymphatic System Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Lymph circulation is maintained by all except:

Skeletal muscle contractions

Inspiration (correct)

Valves

The heart

Which of the following would not be normally found in the lymph fluid?

Electrolytes

Eosinophils (correct)

Proteins

Lipids

Lymphocytes

The cluster of lymph nodes found in the neck region is referred to as:

Inguinal nodes

Axillary nodes

Superficial cervical nodes (correct)

Superficial cubital nodes

The right thoracic duct empties into the:

Right subclavian vein Signup and view all the answers

Proteins which accumulate in the interstitial fluid are picked up by the lymphatic system and therefore help to maintain osmotic pressure homeostasis in the blood.

True Signup and view all the answers

Lymph capillaries called lacteals are located in the vili of:

Small intestines Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of the thymus?

It is the site of red blood cell and platelet destruction. Signup and view all the answers

The four cardinal signs of localized inflammation response are:

Heat (calor), pain (dolor), swelling (tumor), redness (rubor) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cytokine that causes macrophages to become activated?

MAF Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is an example of specific immunity?

Antibody binds antigen and prevents pathogen from infecting cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an opportunistic infection which is often found in AIDS patients and is caused by a fungi?

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells produce lymphotoxin?

T killer cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of the cell mediated immune (CMI) system?

To neutralize toxins produced by pathogenic bacteria with antibodies. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells produce antibody?

Plasma cells Signup and view all the answers

This class of antibodies makes up 75% of antibodies in the blood.

IgG Signup and view all the answers

Which cell does the HIV virus invade?

T helper cell Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic tests are used to determine if a person is HIV positive?

ELISA antibody test (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?

Systemic lupus Signup and view all the answers

What do collecting lymphatic vessels NOT share in common with veins of the cardiovascular system?

Thickness of the walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

The lymphatic system returns leaked fluid and plasma proteins that escape from the bloodstream to the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Lymph from what regions of the body is drained into the right lymphatic duct?

Right upper limb, right side of the head and thorax Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the B lymphocytes (B cells) in lymphoid tissue?

Produce antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lymphatic System Key Points

Lymph circulation depends on several factors, excluding the heart's action.
Lymph fluid typically lacks eosinophils, differentiating it from other bodily fluids.
The cluster of lymph nodes in the neck is termed superficial cervical nodes.

Thoracic Duct and Lymphatic Function

The right thoracic duct drains lymph into the right subclavian vein.
The lymphatic system aids osmotic pressure homeostasis by collecting interstitial proteins.

Lymph Capillaries and Immune Functions

Lacteals, a type of lymph capillary, are located in the small intestines.
The thymus is not responsible for red blood cell or platelet destruction but is critical in T cell maturation and producing thymosin.

Inflammation and Cytokines

Cardinal signs of localized inflammation are heat, pain, swelling, and redness.
Macrophage activation is driven by cytokines, with MAF identified as a specific cytokine involved.

Immune Response Types

Specific immunity is exemplified by an antibody binding to an antigen, preventing infection.
Opportunistic infections in AIDS patients often include Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Cell Function in Immunity

T killer cells are responsible for producing lymphotoxin, vital for immune response.
Plasma cells are the main producers of antibodies, while the cell-mediated immune system does not neutralize toxins.

Antibodies and HIV

IgG is the most abundant antibody class, constituting 75% of those found in blood.
The HIV virus specifically targets T helper cells, important for immune function.

Diagnostic Tests and Autoimmune Diseases

ELISA tests are standard for diagnosing HIV infection.
Systemic lupus is a recognized example of an autoimmune disease.

Lymphatic Vessel Characteristics

Collecting lymphatic vessels share features with veins, including layers, function, and valves, but differ in wall thickness.
The primary function of the lymphatic system is to return leaked fluid and plasma proteins to the bloodstream.

Lymph Drainage Specifics

The right lymphatic duct collects lymph from the right upper limb and right side of the head and thorax, distinguishing its drainage area.
B lymphocytes play a critical role in producing antibodies and shaping the immune response in lymphoid tissue.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the lymphatic system with these flashcards from APII Test 2. This quiz includes questions about lymph circulation, components of lymph fluid, and the location of lymph nodes. Challenge yourself to see how much you know about this essential part of the immune system.