30 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action of metronidazole against anaerobic bacteria?
Damaging microbial DNA
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of metronidazole's pharmacokinetics?
Extensively metabolized in the brain
Why is metronidazole ineffective against aerobic bacteria?
It cannot be reduced to its active metabolite in the presence of oxygen
What is the name of the group of antimicrobials that includes metronidazole, tinidazole, and secnidazole?
Nitroimidazoles
What is the effect of metronidazole on microbial DNA?
It damages microbial DNA
What is a common side effect of metronidazole in the gastrointestinal system?
Dry mouth
What is the primary route of excretion for metronidazole metabolites?
Urine
What is the interaction between metronidazole and warfarin?
Metronidazole potentiates the anticoagulant effect of warfarin
Why should metronidazole be avoided in pregnant women?
It causes teratogenic effects in experimental animals
What is the dose of metronidazole used to treat Vincent's angina?
200-400 mg three times daily for 7 days
What is the effect of metronidazole on lithium?
It decreases the renal clearance of lithium
What is the disulfiram-like reaction caused by?
Taking metronidazole with alcohol
What is the primary use of metronidazole in the treatment of alveolar abscess?
In combination with penicillins such as penicillin V or amoxicillin
Which antibiotic is used in combination with metronidazole for the treatment of anaerobic brain abscess?
A third-generation cephalosporin
What is the advantage of metronidazole over vancomycin in the treatment of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis?
It is cheaper and less toxic
What is the recommended treatment duration for metronidazole in the treatment of amoebiasis?
7-10 days
What is the difference between tinidazole and metronidazole?
Tinidazole has a longer duration of action and better tolerability
Which fluoroquinolone is the prototype drug?
Ciprofloxacin
What type of bacteria is Ciprofloxacin highly effective against?
Aerobic gram-negative organisms
Which of the following anaerobes is resistant to Ciprofloxacin?
Bacteroides fragilis
What is the main route of excretion for Ciprofloxacin?
Urine
What is a common adverse effect of Ciprofloxacin related to the GI tract?
Nausea
Which of the following fluoroquinolones has increased activity against S. pneumoniae?
Levofloxacin
What is the significance of food on Ciprofloxacin absorption?
Food delays absorption
What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole?
Reducing the 'Nitro' group by ferredoxins to form an active metabolite
Which of the following is a therapeutic use of metronidazole in medicine?
Treating H. pylori infection
What is a common adverse reaction of metronidazole?
Anorexia and nausea
Why should patients avoid alcohol while taking metronidazole?
To prevent a disulfiram-like reaction
What is a significant drug interaction of metronidazole?
Potentiating the anticoagulant effect of warfarin
Why should metronidazole be avoided in pregnant women?
Due to its teratogenic effects in experimental animals
Test your knowledge on the pharmacology of antimicrobials used to combat anaerobic infections, particularly in dentistry. Learn about the implications of these drugs in managing dental infections. This quiz covers the effective use of nitroimidazoles and other antimicrobial agents.
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