12 Questions
Where are protein antigens of microbes mainly captured in the body?
In the connective tissues and organs
How do dendritic cells transport microbial antigens to lymph nodes?
By ingestion of antigens and migration to lymph nodes
Why is it impossible for lymphocytes to efficiently patrol all infected sites for foreign invaders?
Because of the large volume of blood and connective tissues
What is the main function of dendritic cells in capturing microbial antigens?
To transport antigens to secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs
What is the main function of dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid organs?
Capturing and presenting protein antigens to T lymphocytes
Where are plasmacytoid dendritic cells primarily located?
In the blood and tissues
How do dendritic cells capture microbes or their antigens?
By phagocytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis
What is the role of products of microbes in activating innate immune reactions?
Binding to Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
What is the function of conventional subset dendritic cells in tissues and lymphoid organs?
Capture and present most protein antigens to T lymphocytes
What characterizes plasmacytoid dendritic cells based on their morphology?
They resemble plasma cells
What type of receptors do dendritic cells use to bind microbes or their antigens?
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
What stimulates innate immune reactions in dendritic cells, tissue epithelial cells, and tissue-resident macrophages?
Binding of products of microbes to Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
Study Notes
Antigen Capture and Presentation
- Protein antigens of microbes are mainly captured in the body by dendritic cells in peripheral tissues.
Dendritic Cell Functions
- Dendritic cells transport microbial antigens to lymph nodes, where they activate T-cells.
- The main function of dendritic cells in capturing microbial antigens is to process and present them to T-cells.
- In secondary lymphoid organs, dendritic cells activate T-cells and initiate an immune response.
Dendritic Cell Subsets
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are primarily located in peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs.
- Conventional subset dendritic cells are found in tissues and lymphoid organs, where they capture and process microbial antigens.
Antigen Capture Mechanisms
- Dendritic cells capture microbes or their antigens through receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and C-type lectin receptors.
- These receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on microbial surfaces.
Innate Immune Reactions
- Products of microbes, such as lipopolysaccharides, stimulate innate immune reactions in dendritic cells, tissue epithelial cells, and tissue-resident macrophages.
- This stimulation activates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons.
Dendritic Cell Morphology
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are characterized by their plasma cell-like morphology.
Learn about how protein antigens of microbes are captured by dendritic cells and concentrated in the secondary lymphoid organs, where immune responses are initiated. Explore how microbes enter the body through different routes and the role of antigen-presenting cells in the immune system.
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