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Questions and Answers
What is the primary indication for using nitroglycerin in the initial 24-48 hours for a patient with AMI and CHF?
What is the primary indication for using nitroglycerin in the initial 24-48 hours for a patient with AMI and CHF?
- To relieve suspected ischemic chest pain
- To reduce pulmonary congestion (correct)
- To prevent recurrent angina
- To address persistent pulmonary edema
What is a contraindication for the use of nitroglycerin?
What is a contraindication for the use of nitroglycerin?
- Hypertension
- Extreme tachycardia (160 bpm) (correct)
- Pericardial tamponade
- Severe anemia
What is a precaution to consider when administering IV nitroglycerin?
What is a precaution to consider when administering IV nitroglycerin?
- Administer while patient is sitting
- Use PVC plastic for infusion
- Dilute with any type of solution
- Use glass bottles and special tubing provided by the manufacturer for infusion (correct)
What is the maximum adult dosage for sublingual nitroglycerin within a 5-minute interval?
What is the maximum adult dosage for sublingual nitroglycerin within a 5-minute interval?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox)?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox)?
What is the primary function of antiplatelet drugs?
What is the primary function of antiplatelet drugs?
Which sites does ASA inhibit?
Which sites does ASA inhibit?
What is the pharmacological action of nitroglycerin?
What is the pharmacological action of nitroglycerin?
What is the primary effect of nitroglycerin on coronary arteries?
What is the primary effect of nitroglycerin on coronary arteries?
In what condition does nitroglycerin reduce the spasm of the coronary arteries?
In what condition does nitroglycerin reduce the spasm of the coronary arteries?
What is the effect of nitroglycerin on reducing the workload of the heart?
What is the effect of nitroglycerin on reducing the workload of the heart?
Which medication is a nitrate?
Which medication is a nitrate?
Which medication primarily reduces the spasm of the coronary arteries?
Which medication primarily reduces the spasm of the coronary arteries?
Which vascular bed does nitroglycerin predominantly affect at low doses?
Which vascular bed does nitroglycerin predominantly affect at low doses?
Which condition is a relative contraindication for the use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)?
Which condition is a relative contraindication for the use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of tranexamic acid (TXA)?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of tranexamic acid (TXA)?
What is the maximum initial IV bolus dosage of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for a patient with STEMI weighing less than 67 kg?
What is the maximum initial IV bolus dosage of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for a patient with STEMI weighing less than 67 kg?
What is the primary indication for using tranexamic acid (TXA)?
What is the primary indication for using tranexamic acid (TXA)?
What is the precaution to consider when administering intravenous nitroglycerin?
What is the precaution to consider when administering intravenous nitroglycerin?
Which condition is a relative contraindication for the use of anticoagulants such as Warfarin, Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, Dabigatran?
Which condition is a relative contraindication for the use of anticoagulants such as Warfarin, Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, Dabigatran?
What is the dosage of tranexamic acid (TXA) for a patient older than 16 years presenting with significant traumatic injury and internal bleeding?
What is the dosage of tranexamic acid (TXA) for a patient older than 16 years presenting with significant traumatic injury and internal bleeding?
What is the primary indication for using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a patient with suspected aortic dissection?
What is the primary indication for using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a patient with suspected aortic dissection?
Which medication is an irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, preventing the formation of TXA2?
Which medication is an irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, preventing the formation of TXA2?
What is the primary purpose for using Ticagrelor?
What is the primary purpose for using Ticagrelor?
Which medication is used for lysis of thrombi obstructing coronary and cerebral arteries?
Which medication is used for lysis of thrombi obstructing coronary and cerebral arteries?
What is the mechanism of action of thrombolytic agents like tPA and tenecteplase?
What is the mechanism of action of thrombolytic agents like tPA and tenecteplase?
What is the dosage of ASA indicated for acute coronary syndromes?
What is the dosage of ASA indicated for acute coronary syndromes?
What is the contraindication for using Clopidogrel?
What is the contraindication for using Clopidogrel?
What is the primary benefit of fibrinolysis using thrombolytic agents?
What is the primary benefit of fibrinolysis using thrombolytic agents?
What is the main mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)?
What is the main mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)?
What is the primary indication for the use of Clopidogrel?
What is the primary indication for the use of Clopidogrel?
What is a contraindication for the use of Ticagrelor?
What is a contraindication for the use of Ticagrelor?
What is the main function of thrombolytic agents like tPA and tenecteplase?
What is the main function of thrombolytic agents like tPA and tenecteplase?
What is a specific contraindication for the use of tenecteplase?
What is a specific contraindication for the use of tenecteplase?
What is the effect of thrombolytic agents on thrombi?
What is the effect of thrombolytic agents on thrombi?
What is the main concern regarding the use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in certain conditions?
What is the main concern regarding the use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in certain conditions?
Study Notes
Anticoagulant Medications and Thrombolytic Agents: Key Points
- Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is an irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, preventing the formation of TXA2, and has various benefits and non-benefits.
- ASA is indicated for acute coronary syndromes but contraindicated in certain conditions like active GI bleed and hypersensitivity to tartrazine.
- ASA dosage is 160-325 mg PO, and it can be given even if the patient has taken ASA before, but non-enteric chewable or soluble aspirin should be used.
- Clopidogrel and Ticagrelor are P2Y12 ADP Receptor Antagonists, with Clopidogrel being an irreversible receptor blocker and Ticagrelor being a reversible blocker.
- Clopidogrel is indicated for ACS and has contraindications such as active bleeding and precautions in patients with increased risk of bleeding.
- Ticagrelor is used for reducing thrombotic cardiovascular events and has contraindications like diabetic foot infections and active bleeding.
- Fibrinolysis is the breakdown of clots and thrombolytic agents like tPA and tenecteplase activate the fibrinolytic system to break down clots quickly.
- Tenecteplase is indicated for ST elevation or new LBBB in the context of signs and symptoms of AMI and has contraindications like recent internal bleeding and TIA within 6 months.
- tPA is used for lysis of thrombi obstructing coronary and cerebral arteries and has contraindications such as prior intracranial hemorrhage and ischemic stroke within 3 months.
- Thrombolytic agents activate plasminogen to convert it to plasmin, mimicking the body's clot destruction process, but are non-specific and will dissolve all clots.
- The breakdown of clots by thrombolytic agents prevents thrombi from becoming emboli, restoring blood supply to damaged tissue.
- Thrombolytic agents have specific indications, contraindications, and precautions that need to be carefully considered before administration.
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Description
Test your knowledge of anticoagulant medications and thrombolytic agents with this quiz. Explore key points about medications like acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and thrombolytic agents like tPA and tenecteplase. Familiarize yourself with indications, contraindications, and precautions for these essential drugs in managing cardiovascular and thrombotic conditions.
